Ingeniero Agronomo

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    ´´ ABSORCIÓN DE NUTRIENTES (NPK) EN EL CULTIVO DE ARROZ (Oryza sativa L.) VARIEDAD INIAP 14´´
    (INGENIERIA AGRONOMICA, 2018-09) LOOR BRAVO, CARLOS JOEL
    THE RICE (ORYZA SATIVA L), IS CONSIDERED ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT CROPS WORLDWIDE DUE TO ITS GREAT NUTRITIONAL CONTRIBUTION. THIS SOCIAL AND PRODUCTIVE FIELD IS ALSO THE MAIN SUSTENANCE OF THE MANY FARMERS. THE PRESENT INVESTIGATION WAS CARRIED OUT IN THE HORCÓN SITE OF THE ROCAFUERTE CANTÓN, OF THE MANABÍ PROVINCE. THE OBJECTIVE WAS TO EVALUATE THE ABSORPTION OF NUTRIENTS (NPK) IN THE INIAP 14 VARIETY RICE CROP. A RANDOMIZED COMPLETE BLOCK DESIGN WITH FOUR TREATMENTS AND THREE REPLICATES WAS USED. THE TREATMENTS WERE ELABORATED BY APPLYING FOUR LEVELS OF NPK (0-0-0, 50-20-75, 100-40-150, 150-60-225). THE RESULTS SHOWED THAT NUTRIENT THE EXTRACTION (NPK), IN THE FIRST 25 DAYS AFTER TRANSPLANTATION, THERE WAS NOT STATISTICAL DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE TREATMENTS, THE EFFECT WAS EVIDENT AFTER 50 DDT, WITH THE HIGHEST EXTRACTION OF NITROGEN AND POTASSIUM IN THE TREATMENT WITH THE HIGHEST APPLIED DOSE (T3), WHILE PHOSPHORUS OCCURRED IN T2.
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    ANÁLISIS DE LAS NECESIDADES BIBLIOGRÁFICAS EN EL ÁREA DE LAS MATERIAS PROFESIONALES EN EL PROYECTO DE LA NUEVA MALLA CURRICULAR DE LA CARRERA DE AGRONOMÍA DE LA UNIVERSIDAD TÉCNICA DE MANABÍ
    (INGENIERIA AGRONOMICA, 2016-11) MENDOZA CUENCA, WINTER ALEXANDER ; MOREIRA ZAMBRANO, JOSÉ ALFREDO
    THIS WORK TITRATION WAS PERFORMED ON THE MODEL OF COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT AT THE FACULTAD DE INGENIERÍA AGRONÓMICA AT THE UNIVERSIDAD TÉCNICA DE MANABÍ, LOCATED IN THE PARISH LODANA, CANTÓN SANTA ANA, MANABÍ PROVINCE, FROM DECEMBER 2015 TO JULY 2016, WITH IN ORDER TO IMPROVE THE TEACHING AND LEARNING PROCESS, INCREASING QUALITY AND QUANTITY AVAILABILITY OF BIBLIOGRAPHIC TEXTS IN THE LIBRARY OF THE FACULTAD DE AGRONOMIA. THE MAIN OBJECTIVE OF THE CURRENT STUDY WAS TO DETERMINE THE BIBLIOGRAPHICAL NEEDS IN THE AREA OF PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE IN THE DESIGN OF THE NEW CURRICULUM OF THE CAREER OF AGRONOMIA OF THE FACULTAD DE INGENIERÍA AGRONÓMICA AT THE UNIVERSIDAD TÉCNICA DE MANABÍ, FOR WHICH 150 SURVEYS WERE CONDUCTED AIMED AT STUDENTS AND GRADUATES OF THE CAREER OF AGRONOMY. THEN BASED ON ALL THE INFORMATION GATHERED IN THE SURVEYS WAS ANALYZED BIBLIOGRAPHIC REQUIREMENTS OF THE NEW CURRICULUM, TO CONTINUE CONTRIBUTIONS SUPPLIERS OF SPECIALIZED BIBLIOGRAPHIC MATERIAL
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    ANÁLISIS DE LOS PROBLEMAS CAUSADOS POR ARTRÓPODOS PLAGAS Y ENFERMEDADES VIRALES EN CULTIVO DE PIMIENTO (CAPSICUM ANNUUM L.) EN ECUADOR
    (INGENIERIA AGRONOMICA, 2021-10) ÁLVAREZ MOREIRA, LILIANA DENISSE ; CEDEÑO MANZABA, PRISCILA ALEJANDRA
    THE PEPPER (CAPSICUM ANNUUM L.), IS A VEGETABLE CONSUMED WORLDWIDE THAT IN RECENT YEARS PRODUCTION HAS INCREASED CONSIDERABLY IN ECUADOR, BOTH IN THE COASTAL AND ANDEAN REGIONS. LIKE OTHER CROPS, THE PEPPER IS AFFECTED BY INSECTS SUCH AS THRIPS (FRANKLINIELLA OCCIDENTALIS AND THRIPS TABACI), APHIDS (APHIS GOSSYPII AND MYZUS PERSICAE), WHITEFLIES (BEMISIA TABACI) AND MITES (TETRANYCHUS URTICAE AND POLYPHAGOTARSONEMUS LATUS), WHICH WOULD AFFECT YOUR PERFORMANCE. ALSO, THIS CROP IS AFFECTED BY VIRUSES. A BIBLIOGRAPHIC REVIEW WAS CARRIED OUT IN ORDER TO DETERMINE THE MAIN PESTS, NATURAL ENEMIES AND VIRUSES THAT AFFECT PEPPERS IN ECUADOR. THE RESULTS SHOWED THE REPORT OF SEVEN SPECIES OF ARTHROPOD PESTS, AND 16 TAXA OF NATURAL ENEMIES. REGARDING THE VIROSIS, SIX SPECIES OF VIRUS WERE FOUND. ALTHOUGH THERE ARE SEVERAL ALTERNATIVES FOR PEST MANAGEMENT, IN THE COUNTRY FARMERS PREFER TO USE MAINLY CHEMICAL CONTROL. THIS INFORMATION SERVES AS THE BASIS FOR THE KNOWLEDGE OF THE ASSOCIATED ARTHROPODOFAUNA, AS WELL AS OF THE EXISTING VIRUSES AS A BASIS FOR DESIGNING MORE RATIONAL MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES FOR EXISTING PROBLEMS.
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    ANÁLISIS FISIOLÓGICO, BIOQUÍMICO Y PRODUCTIVO DE GENOTIPOS DE MANÍ (Arachis hypogaea L.) EN RESPUESTA AL ESTRÉS POR SEQUÍA.
    (INGENIERIA AGRONOMICA, 2021-03) Castro Posligua, Genessis Josselyn ; Cevallos Cedeño, Héctor Onides
    THE PEANUT CROP IS BETWEEN LEGUMES ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT FOOD CROPS IN THE FIELD AND HEALTH BENEFITS IN PROVIDING NUTRITIONAL COMPONENTS. IN ADDITION, IT IS CHARACTERIZED BY BEING GROWN IN AREAS THAT ARE CONSTANTLY HIT BY PERIODS OF DROUGHT AND ADVERSE CONDITIONS THAT HARM DEVELOPMENT AND PRODUCTION. RESEARCH WAS DEVELOPED WITH THE OBJECTIVE OF EVALUATING THE PHYSIOLOGICAL, BIOCHEMICAL AND PRODUCTIVE TWO PEANUT VARIETIES UNDER WATER DEFICIT. THE EXPERIMENT WAS CONDUCTED EVALUATING VARIETIES OF PEANUT CANDY AND ROSITA 380, WHICH UNDERWENT FOUR PERIODS OF DROUGHT. PHYSIOLOGICAL, MORPHOLOGICAL, BIOCHEMICAL AND PRODUCTIVE VARIABLES WERE EVALUATED SUCH AS STOMATAL CONDUCTANCE, WATER POTENTIAL, CHLOROPHYLL INDEX, NUMBER OF NODULES AND PODS, DRY WEIGHT OF THE PLANTS AND GRAIN PRODUCTION, IN ADDITION TO THE CONTENT OF PROTEINS, FAT, SATURATED AND UNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS.
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    Aplicación de aceites vegetales en el control del gusano cogollero (Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith) en dos ciclos productivos de maíz (Zea mays L.)
    (Ingenieria Agronomica, 2023) Bravo Macías, Erick Ronaldo ; García Loor, Gregory José ; " " ; " "
    This study aimed to assess the efficacy of piñon oil (Jatropha curcas) and castor oil (Ricinus communis) vegetable oils in controlling fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) in maize crops during two production cycles. A randomized complete block design consisting of 40 experimental plots, ten treatments, and four replications was employed. Four concentrations of the oils, along with a chemical control (Lorsban) and an absolute control (water only), were tested. The results demonstrated the effectiveness of both vegetable oils in reducing fall armyworm infestation. However, their efficacy varied depending on the season. Jatropha oil exhibited greater effectiveness during the rainy season, while Ricinus oil showed better results in the dry season. It is important to note that both oils displayed some phytotoxicity in the maize crop, although without significant impact on yield. These findings underscore the potential of vegetable oils as environmentally friendly and efficient alternatives for pest control in maize cultivation. Their utilization can be particularly advantageous for small-scale farmers and in developing countries, given their ecological benefits compared to chemical insecticides. Nonetheless, caution should be exercised regarding phytotoxicity, and application should be adjusted accordingly based on seasonal variations. This study contributes valuable insights to integrated pest management practices and emphasizes the significance of seeking sustainable approaches for safeguarding crop productivity.
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    Aplicación de láminas de riego y utilización de giberelina en la producción de limón sutil [Citrus aurantifolia (Christm.) Swingle]
    (Ingenieria Agronomica, 2023) Pincay Sánchez, Lady Diana ; Pincay Sánchez, Lady Laura ; " " ; " "
    Currently, lemon production is often threatened by the effects of climate change, with drought being the main problem, which is why producers are forced to meet the water demands of the crop, however, it is of the utmost importance. seek to save water without affecting the productivity of the crop, therefore, a moderate reduction of water is convenient, with 50% of the ETC. Gibberellins also play an important role as a regulator of plant growth and especially in fruit set, they have been involved in different physiological processes and improve the production and quality of the fruit, being considered a highly profitable alternative for the producer. The purpose of this research was to determine irrigation sheets and the application of gibberellins in the production of subtle lemon (Citrus aurantifolia Swingle). The trial was carried out in the Santa Ana Canton, Manabí province. Three irrigation sheets (51,72 m3 h-1; 46,55 m3 h-1; 38,79 m3 h-1) and two doses of gibberellic acid (80 ppm and 200 ppm) were applied to the subtle lemon crop. Among the yield variables, fruit growth, fruit weight, equatorial and polar diameter were evaluated, while the internal quality variables of the fruit that were evaluated were pulp weight, shell weight, juice content, number of seeds and fruit content. of soluble solids “brix degrees”. As results, it was obtained that the highest growth rates of the fruit (45,40 g) and yields (49,47 kg/tree) were reached with water volumes of 51,72 m3 h-1 corresponding to sheet. While that the doses of GA3 did not differ significantly in any of the variables of growth and internal quality of the fruit. Therefore, it is concluded that the effect of the irrigation sheets was more present than the hormonal effect.
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    BACTERIAS PROMOTORAS DE CRECIMIENTO EN EL FRÉJOL AUPÍ(Vigna unguiculata L.WALP.)
    (Ingenieria Agronomica, 2023) Palma Velásquez, Abrahán Alfredo ; " " ; " "
    Cowpea bean (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) has traditionally been an important crop for 18 smallholder farmers, and in many cases is the main source of low-cost dietary plant 19 protein and minerals compared to animal products such as meat, fish, and egg. The 20 inoculation of rhizobia in cowpeas is a promising technology to improve production. In 21 this work, the importance of growth-promoting bacteria in cowpea beans was evaluated 22 through a literature review, in order to improve the performance of the production 23 system in the different stages of the crop. A search of bibliographic information has 24 been carried out for the preparation of this literature review using scientific information 25 published from 1982 to the present, totaling 67 documents (books, book chapters, 26 scientific articles, among others) written in different languages such as Spanish, English 27 and Portuguese, included in the SCOPUS, Web of Science, Scielo, Redalyc and 28 Latindex 2.0 platforms. The keywords ¨Cowpea beans¨, ¨Origin of cowpea beans¨, 29 ¨Distribution of cowpea beans¨, ¨Phenological cycle of cowpea beans¨, ¨Botanical 30 description of cowpea beans¨, ¨Nutritional requirements of cowpea beans¨, ¨Plant 31 growth promoting rhizobacteria¨, ¨Nitrogen fixing bacteria¨ and ¨Growth promoting 32 bacteria in cowpea¨. The Mendeley program was used as a bibliographic manager. The 33 importance of the promoter bacteria in the cowpea bean crop was demonstrated, in all 34 the searches carried out, the bacteria belonging to the genus Bradyrhizobium 35 predominating as the most used in this crop.
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    BACTERIAS SIMBIÓTICAS EN EL CULTIVO DE MANÍ: UNA REVISIÓN
    (Ingeniero Agronomo, 2022-06) Moreira Moreira, José Jahir ; Reyna Alarcón, Cristhian Alexander
    THE OBJECTIVE OF THIS WORK IS TO COLLECT INFORMATION ON THE IMPORTANCE OF SYMBIOTIC BACTERIA IN PEANUT CULTIVATION. PEANUTS ARE OF GREAT ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE, BEING PRESENT WITHIN THE FOUR MOST IMPORTANT GRAINS IN THE WORLD. ITS WIDE DISTRIBUTION RANGES FROM ASIA, AFRICA, AMERICA, AND SOUTH AMERICA. THE ENTIRE BIOLOGICAL PROCESS OF A LEGUME IS CARRIED OUT IN THE ROOT SYSTEM WHERE THE RHIZOBIA THAT ARE PART OF THE ROOT NODULES ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR FIXING NITROGEN INDEPENDENTLY, THIS PROCESS IS RESPONSIBLE FOR TRIGGERING THE GROWTH, DEVELOPMENT, AND PERFORMANCE OF PLANTS. THE SYMBIOTIC BACTERIA PRESENT IN THE SOIL ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR FIXING NITROGEN, AS WELL AS NITRATE AND AMMONIUM, THESE BACTERIA TAKE NITROGEN FROM THE AIR, GIVING RISE TO COMPOUNDS CAPABLE OF BEING INCORPORATED INTO THE COMPOSITION OF LIVING BEINGS AND THE SOIL. RHIZOBACTERIA HAVE ADVANTAGES RELATED TO THE PROMOTION OF PLANT GROWTH, THROUGH THE AERIAL PART AND THE ROOT, INDUCING THE PRODUCTION OF GROWTH-INDUCING HORMONES IN PLANTS AND HELPING TO PROVIDE NUTRIENTS TO THE ROOTS. A DECREASE IN CHEMICAL FERTILIZERS BY SYMBIOTIC BACTERIA OR RHIZOBACTERIA CAN CHANGE PRODUCTION TECHNIQUES IN THE WORLD BECAUSE THEY ARE HIGHLY EFFECTIVE FOR LEGUMES SUCH AS PEANUTS.
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    LA CADENA DE PRODUCCIÓN DEL CACAO EN ECUADOR: RESILIENCIA EN LOS DIFERENTES ACTORES DE LA PRODUCCIÓN
    (INGENIERIA AGRONOMICA, 2021-07) GARCIA BRIONES, ANA ROSA ; PICO PICO, BRYAN FERNANDO
    CACAO IS ONE OF THE TRADITIONAL ECUADORIAN EXPORT PRODUCTS AND IN THE LAST THREE YEARS ECUADOR HAS BEEN THE THIRD LARGEST PRODUCER IN THE WORLD. SEVERAL FACTORS SUCH AS CLIMATE CHANGE, HIGH CONCENTRATIONS OF CADMIUM (CD) AND THE GLOBAL PANDEMIC OF COVID-19 ARE INFLUENCING THE ECUADORIAN COCOA PRODUCTION CHAIN. BASED ON AN ANALYSIS OF THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PRODUCTION AND MARKETING CHAIN OF COCOA IN ECUADOR, THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE TYPES OF COCOA, THE TYPES OF PRODUCERS, IT IS SHOWN THAT THIS COUNTRY HAS GREAT POTENTIAL TO MAINTAIN PRODUCTION STANDARDS. ALTHOUGH SOME PREVIOUS PLANS HAVE BEEN PROPOSED FOR THE COMPETITIVE IMPROVEMENT OF ECUADORIAN COCOA, BASED ON THE PRODUCTION CHAIN, THESE PLANS HAVE NOT ANALYZED THE FARMER'S PRODUCTION ENVIRONMENT. IN THIS WORK, FIVE LINES OF ACTION BASED ON: IMPROVING THE RURAL ENVIRONMENT OF THE FARMER, PROMOTING ASSOCIATIVITY AND COOPERATIVISM, IMPROVING PRODUCTIVITY AND CONSUMPTION IN THE NATIONAL MARKET, CONSOLIDATING THE INTERNATIONAL MARKET AND RESEARCH ARE PROPOSED AS LINES OF ACTION. IT IS IMPERATIVE TO ENGAGE THESE AXES IN AN ACTION AIMED AT PROVIDING GREATER RESILIENCE IN THE ECUADORIAN COCOA PRODUCTION CHAIN
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    Cadmio en el cultivo de cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) y sus efectos ambientales.
    (Ingeniero Agronomo, 2022-04) Chancay Alcívar Luis Fernando
    A CRITICAL ISSUE IN AGRICULTURE TODAY IS THE PRESENCE OF CADMIUM IN THE COCOA CROP, AS IT SEVERELY COMPROMISES HEALTH, FOOD SAFETY, AND THE ENVIRONMENT. ALTHOUGH THE DEMAND FOR COCOA IS GROWING SIGNIFICANTLY, THE PRESENCE OF THIS CONTAMINANT IS A POTENTIAL LIMITING FACTOR FOR ITS EXPORT AND COMMERCIALIZATION. THIS ARTICLE DESCRIBES THE ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS OF CADMIUM ON THE COCOA PLANT, SOIL-WATER ECOSYSTEMS, HUMAN HEALTH, AND SOME SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONFLICTS. IN THIS SENSE, THROUGH A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW AND INFORMATION AVAILABLE IN DATABASES, A STATEMENT IS PRESENTED, BASICALLY FOCUSED ON CADMIUM AS ONE OF THE MOST TOXIC AND INHIBITORY METALS IN PLANT PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESSES SINCE IT REDUCES GROWTH, PHOTOSYNTHETIC ACTIVITY, TRANSPIRATION, AND CHLOROPHYLL CONTENT, IN ADDITION TO CAUSING A SIGNIFICANT NUTRITIONAL IMBALANCE IN PLANTS WITH CONSEQUENT EFFECTS ON PRODUCTIVITY. ITS ACCUMULATION DEGRADES THE SOIL ALTERS ITS CHEMICAL (NUTRIENTS AND PH), PHYSICAL (TEXTURE, PERMEABILITY, WATER RETENTION, AND DENSITY), AND BIOLOGICAL (FUNGI AND BACTERIA) PROPERTIES, LOSING ITS SELF-PURIFICATION CAPACITY. IN AERIAL PARTS OF PLANTS, IT ALLOWS ITS PASSAGE TO THE TROPHIC CHAIN WHERE IT BIOACCUMULATES, CAUSING HARMFUL EFFECTS ON PEOPLE'S HEALTH, MAINLY DAMAGING KIDNEYS AND LIVER, WHICH CAN CAUSE NEPHROPATHY AND IRREVERSIBLE LIVER DAMAGE. CONTINUED INGESTION OF THIS HEAVY METAL CAN CAUSE BONE FRAGILITY.
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    CARACTERIZACIÓN AGRONÓMICA DE 44 ACCESIONES DE LA COLECCIÓN DE HIGUERILLA (Ricinus communis L.) DE INIAP-PORTOVIEJO
    (INGENIERIA AGRONOMICA, 2016-11) BORJA CABEZA, LUIS LEONARDO ; SOLEDISPA VALERIANO, CRISTHIAN JASMANI
    THIS RESEARCH WAS CONDUCTED IN THE PERIOD BETWEEN MAY AND OCTOBER 2013, AT THE EXPERIMENTAL STATION PORTOVIEJO NATIONAL AUTONOMOUS INSTITUTE FOR AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH (INIAP), LOCATED IN THE PARISH COLUMBUS, CANTON PORTOVIEJO, MANABÍ PROVINCE, AT THE GEOGRAPHICAL COORDINATES 01º14 'SOUTH LATITUDE AND 80º16' WEST LONGITUDE; AGRONOMIC ALLY AIMED TO CHARACTERIZE 44 ACCESSIONS OF CASTOR GERMPLASM BANK COLLECTED IN THE PROVINCES OF MANABÍ AND PICHINCHA
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    Caracterización biológica y serológica de 20 aislamientos virales que afectan el cultivo de pimiento (Capsicum annuum L.) en el Valle del Río Portoviejo
    (INGENIERIA AGRONOMICA, 2016-11) MENDOZA ZAMBRANO, RICHARD DIOMEDES ; SÁNCHEZ VÉLEZ, GÉNESIS YESSENIA
    THIS RESEARCH WAS CONDUCTED IN A HOUSE OF VEGETATION´S HOUSE TO INSECT PROOF IN THE PLANT PATHOLOGY, BIOTECHNOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LABORATORIES, THE FIRST TWO AT THE FACULTY OF AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING AND THE LAST AT THE UNIVERSIDAD TÉCNICA DE MANABÍ (PORTOVIEJO). IN ORDER TO CHARACTERIZE BIOLOGICAL AND SEROLOGICALLY VIRUS AFFECTING PEPPER CROP AND VALIDATE THE RESISTANCE OF COMMERCIAL HYBRID QUETZAL, USING 20 ISOLATES OBTAINED FROM 32 SAMPLES FROM EIGHT PRODUCING FIELDS, LOCATED IN COLÓN (CO) AND CRUCITA (CR) PARISH BELONG TO THE PORTOVIEJO CANTON, BUENOS AIRES (BA), THE CEIBAL (CE) AND LA RECTA OF ROCAFUERTE (RR) BELONG TO ROCAFUERTE CANTON, CHARAPOTÓ (CH) BELONG TO SUCRE CANTON AND LODANA (LO) BELONG TO THE SANTA ANA CANTON, IN THE VALLEY OF PORTOVIEJO´S RIVER
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    CARACTERIZACIÓN BIOLÓGICA Y SEROLÓGICA DE AISLAMIENTOS VIRALES QUE AFECTAN EL CULTIVO DE TOMATE (Solanum lycopersicum L.) EN EL VALLE DEL RÍO PORTOVIEJO
    (INGENIERIA AGRONOMICA, 2016-11) MOREIRA MERA, ALEXANDER LEONEL ; INTRIAGO CEDEÑO, SILVIA MARIELA
    THIS RESEARCH WAS CONDUCTED IN A VEGETATION´S HOUSE TO INSECT PROOF IN THE PHYTOPATHOLOGY, BIOTECHNOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LABORATORIES, THE FIRST AT THE FACULTY OF AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING AND THE LAST AT THE UNIVERSIDAD TÉCNICA DE MANABÍ (PORTOVIEJO). IN ORDER TO CHARACTERIZE BIOLOGICAL AND SEROLOGICALLY VIRUS AFFECTING PEPPER CROPS AND VALIDATE THE RESISTANCE OF COMMERCIALS HYBRIDS MIRAMAR AND PIETRO, USING 11 ISOLATES OBTAINED FROM 25 SAMPLES FROM EIGHT PRODUCING FIELDS, LOCATED IN LODANA (LO) ESTANCIA VIEJA (EV) COLÓN (CO) AND CRUCITA (CR) PLACES IN THE CATCHMENT AREA OF THE RIVER PORTOVIEJO
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    “CARACTERIZACIÓN DE LOS MÉTODOS DE ALMACENAMIENTO DE LA SEMILLA DE MAÍZ EN LA PROVINCIA DE MANABÍ”
    (Ingeniero Agronomo, 2022-03) María Alejandra Ortiz Bravo ; Miguel Ángel Parraga Giler
    THE CORN OR (ZEA MAYS), IS ONE OF THE OLDEST CEREALS OCCUPYING THE SECOND PLACE IN THE WORLD FOR ITS PRODUCTION, IT IS OF GREAT ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE WORLDWIDE, IT SERVES AS FOOD FOR HUMANS AND ANIMALS IN ADDITION TO THE POWERFUL OPTIMIZATION OF ITS MATERIAL PREMIUM IN INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTS SUCH AS FLOUR, OIL, SYRUPS, SNACKS, POPCORN, TORTILLAS, BREAD, CHEWING GUM, CANDIES, AMONG OTHERS. WORLDWIDE, IT IS ESTIMATED THAT THE AREA PLANTED WITH THIS CROP RANGES BETWEEN 138 MILLION HECTARES; OF WHICH, 60% CORRESPONDS TO DEVELOPING COUNTRIES. IT IS CONSIDERED THAT 50% OF THE TOTAL PLANTED AREA IS CONCENTRATED IN COUNTRIES SUCH AS: BRAZIL, CHINA, INDIA AND MEXICO, BECOMING A MASSIVE PRODUCTION, SINCE IT IS PART OF THE WORLD'S ENERGY INTAKE.
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    Carbono almacenado en biomasa aérea y suelos de un área del “Bosque y vegetación protector El Artesan EcuadorianHands”, Joa, Jipijapa
    (Ingeniero Agronomo, 2022-04) Ávila Peñafiel, Jennifer Daisy
    THE VALUATION OF CARBON STORED IN FORESTS IS ESSENTIAL WHEN PROMOTING ITS CONSERVATION. THE OBJECTIVE OF THIS STUDY WAS TO ESTIMATE THE CARBON STORED IN AERIAL BIOMASS AND SOILS OF AN AREA OF THE "FOREST AND PROTECTIVE VEGETATION EL ARTESAN ECUADORIANHANDS", JOA, JIPIJAPA IN ECUADOR. TWENTY-FOUR PERMANENT CIRCULAR SAMPLING PLOTS WERE RANDOMLY ESTABLISHED WITH AN AREA OF 500 M2 CONSIDERING THREE ELEVATIONAL FLOORS (200 - 250; 251 - 300 AND> 300 MASL). DIAMETER AT CHEST HEIGHT (DBH) AND THE TOTAL HEIGHT OF INDIVIDUALS WITH DBH> 5 CM WERE RECORDED. AN ALLOMETRIC EQUATION WAS USED TO ESTABLISH THE LIVING AERIAL BIOMASS AND ESTIMATE THE STORED CARBON USING THE DATA RECORDED IN THE FIELD. THIS EQUATION CONTAINS INFORMATION OF WOOD DENSITY; DUE TO THIS, IT WAS NECESSARY TO PREVIOUSLY IDENTIFY THE SPECIES. SOIL CARBON WAS EVALUATED FROM ORGANIC CARBON AND APPARENT DENSITY. THE RESULTS INDICATE THAT ALTITUDE IS NOT A FACTOR THAT INTERVENES IN CARBON STORAGE IN LIVING AERIAL BIOMASS AND SOILS. 90% OF THE CARBON STORED IN LIVING AERIAL BIOMASS IS DOMINATED BY C. TRISCHISTANDRA, E. RUIZII, B. GRAVEOLENS, AND E. VELUTINA. THE AVERAGE CARBON STOCK IN THE SOILS OF THE JOA, JIPIJAPA FOREST IS 71.84 MG C HA-1; THEREFORE, IT IS BELIEVED THAT THIS TYPE OF FOREST SYMBOLIZES AN OPTION TO COUNTERACT THE INCREASE IN ATMOSPHERIC CO2, THIS BEING A JUSTIFICATION TRANSCENDENTAL FOR ITS CONSERVATION, EVEN MORE SO WHEN THE FOREST IS UNDERGOING DYNAMIC GROWTH PROCESSES.
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    COBALTO COMO NUTRIENTE NECESARIO EN LA FIJACIÓN BIOLÓGICA DE NITRÓGENO EN MANÍ (Arachis hypogaea L.).
    (INGENIERIA AGRONOMICA, 2021-05) LOOR CEDEÑO, PAOLA KATHERINE ; PINARGOTE INTRIAGO, MONSERRATE ESTEFANIA
    THE PRESENT INVESTIGATION WAS CARRIED OUT IN THE “ISABELITA” FARM, LOCATED IN THE SAN JACINTO SITE OF THE LODANA PARISH OF THE SANTA ANA CANTON, MANABÍ PROVINCE, LOCATED AT THE COORDINATES: LATITUDE 01 ° 09 '51 "S AND LONGITUDE 80 ° 23' 24 "W) AND AT A HEIGHT OF 60 METERS ABOVE SEA LEVEL. THE OBJECTIVE OF THE RESEARCH WAS TO EVALUATE THE INFLUENCE OF COBALT ON THE BIOLOGICAL FIXATION OF NITROGEN IN PEANUTS (ARACHIS HYPOGAEA L.). THIS WORK WAS AN EXPERIMENTAL TYPE INVESTIGATION, WHERE A COMPLETELY RANDOMIZED STATISTICAL DESIGN (DBCA) WAS APPLIED, WITH EIGHT TREATMENTS AND THREE REPETITIONS, WHICH CONSISTED OF 2 FACTORS, TWO DOSES OF N (0 APPLICATION - 160 KG/HA) AND FOUR DOSES OF COBALT (0 APPLICATION - 4 PPM- 8 PPM- 12 PPM), OBTAINING A FACTORIAL OF 2 X 4. THE VARIABLES EVALUATED WERE: NUMBER OF PODS PER PLANT, DRY MATTER OF ROOT, STEM AND LEAVES, YIELD, NUMBER OF TOTAL AND ACTIVE NODULES, AND ABSORPTION OF N, P, K, CA AND MG. THE RESULTS OBTAINED WERE ANALYZED IN THE INFOSTAT 2018 SOFTWARE, BY MEANS OF A SIMPLE ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE AND DUNCAN'S MEAN COMPARISON TEST 5%.
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    ´´COMPORTAMIENTO AGRONÓMICO DE DOS HÍBRIDOS DE MAÍZ (Zea mays L.) CON DIFERENTES DENSIDADES DE SIEMBRA EN ÉPOCA LLUVIOSA”
    (INGENIERIA AGRONOMICA, 2019-02) MUÑOZ INTRIAGO, KLEBER ALEXANDER
    THE OBJECTIVE OF THE RESEARCH WAS TO EVALUATE THE MORPHOPHYSIOLOGICAL, PRODUCTIVE BEHAVIOR AT DIFFERENT PLANTING DENSITIES DURING THE RAINY SEASON OF TWO MAIZE HYBRIDS (446Y) AND (P4039), AND FINALLY TO CARRY OUT AN ECONOMIC EVALUATION. THE TRIAL WAS CONDUCTED OVER A PERIOD OF FIVE MONTHS; FEBRUARY TO JUNE 2018 IN THE TEODOMIRA EXPERIMENTAL CAMPUS OF THE FACULTY OF AGRONOMIC ENGINEERING OF THE TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF MANABÍ LOCATED IN THE LODANA PARISH OF THE SANTA ANA CANTON, PROVINCE OF MANABÍ, ECUADOR; AT A TEMPERATURE OF 25 ° C AND RELATIVE HUMIDITY OF 70%. THE VARIABLES THAT WERE TAKEN INTO ACCOUNT WERE IMMERSED; PLANT HEIGHT, STEM DIAMETER, LEAF LENGTH AND WIDTH AT 20, 40 AND 60 DAYS AFTER SOWING.
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    Comportamiento agronómico de dos variedades de lechuga (Lactuca sativa L.) con diferentes dosis de solución nutritiva, bajo hidroponía
    (Ingenieria Agronomica, 2023) Bazurto Moreira, Adonis Geovany ; Pin Suárez, Kevin Leonardo ; " " ; " "
    Hydroponics is a technique that allows to produce plants without the use of soil, and is considered an alternative method in horticultural production since it has proven to be a feasible option to avoid the inconvenience with soil erosion caused by inadequate agriculture and the use of chemicals. The research aimed to evaluate the agronomic behavior of two varieties of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) var. Crespa and var. Capitata with different doses of nutrient solution, under a hydroponic nutrient film system (NFT). A completely random design with bifactorial arrangement (2X4) was used, studying two varieties of lettuce (Crespa and Capitata) for four doses of nutritional solution (DS 1: 1.0 ml/L, DS 2: 1.5 ml/L, DS 3: 2.0 ml/L, DS 4: 2.5 ml/L), totaling 8 treatments.
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    Comportamiento de cuatro variedades de maní (Arachis hypogaea L.) a diferentes regímenes de riego
    (Ingeniero Agronomo, 2022-04) Quiroz Avilez, Roger Fermin ; Quiroz Avilez, Leviz Junior
    AGRICULTURE REPRESENTS THE ACTIVITY WITH THE HIGHEST WATER DEMAND AND PLAYS A TRANSCENDENTAL ROLE IN FOOD PRODUCTION. THEREFORE, THE USE OF THIS RESOURCE IN AN ANNUAL CROP SUCH AS PEANUTS IS OF PARAMOUNT IMPORTANCE, ESPECIALLY IF THE PRODUCTION AREA AND CLIMATIC CONDITIONS ARE CONSIDERED, WHICH DO NOT USUALLY SATISFY THE WATER REQUIREMENTS OF THE CROP. THEREFORE, THE OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY WAS TO EVALUATE THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT IRRIGATION REGIMES ON FOUR VARIETIES OF PEANUT (ARACHIS HYPOGAEA L.). FOR THIS PURPOSE, THE EXPERIMENT WAS CARRIED OUT IN THE FACILITIES OF THE FACULTY OF AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING OF THE TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF MANABI, LOCATED IN THE LODANA PARISH KM 13½ VIA PORTOVIEJO-SANTA ANA, WHERE THE ROSITA, BLACK, STRIPED AND CARAMEL VARIETIES WERE USED. .
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    Comportamiento de dos genotipos de algodón (Gossypium hirsutum L.) ante el déficit hídrico durante la fase de floración
    (Ingenieria Agronomica, 2023) Salavarria Bravo, Lady Jamileth ; " " ; " "
    Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is the most important non-food agricultural crop in the world, being the main natural fiber planted. However, both the development and the productivity of this crop are severely affected by the restriction in the water supply. The objective of this study was to evaluate the behavior of two cotton genotypes (Cocker 310 and DP Alcala 90) in the face of water deficit during the flowering phase. This research was carried out in a shade house, where the two genotypes grew with an irrigation sheet of 16 L/m2 per day, until 30 days after sowing; from that moment part of the plants of each genotype were subjected to water deficit by suspending irrigation during the entire flowering phase, leaving in parallel a control treatment that continued to be irrigated with the already indicated sheet. Thirty days after the start of the water deficit period, the following variables were determined: stem diameter, plant height, number of leaves, number of flower buds, number of flowers, root depth, root volume, dry weight of root, stem, leaves and flowers, root/shoot ratio, leaf area, chlorophyll index and relative water content. The results obtained showed that all the variables determined were reduced under the condition of water deficit, in relation to the control treatment, this behavior being more accentuated in the Cocker 310 variety, except for the root depth, the root/shoot ratio and the relative content of chlorophyll in the leaf, since the value of these three variables increased with water stress in both genotypes. The results obtained suggest that the flowering phase is quite sensitive to water deficit, with the DP Alcala 90 variety being the one that was less affected by the water deficit condition.