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    Alfabetización Informacional para trabajos de titulación de estudiantes de medicina de la Universidad Técnica De Manabí
    (Universidad Técnica de Manabí, 2021) SOLÓRZANO SALVATIERRA, LADY LISBETH ; " " ; " "
    Higher education plays a leading role in the comprehensive training of undergraduate and postgraduate students, a transversal axis is constituted by Information Literacy (ALFIN) that should be considered a primary component within the third level study, because it equips students of competencies that go from the search, retrieval, dissemination of information, applying selective criteria to obtain certified data, at the same time allowing the generation of new knowledge. The objective of the present work was to characterize the Informational Literacy for the degree work of the Medicine students at the Technical University of Manabí, Ecuador, articulating ALFIN programs. The research was quantitative - qualitative, descriptive and exploratory. The documentary information analysis method was used. The results obtained demonstrate the relevance of integrating information literacy in the academic field, because it allows the development of informational and technological skills in a globalized and changing world where information, especially in the medical area, is constantly evolving.
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    Análisis de la cultura lectora desde un enfoque educativo primario: caso “Escuela Franklin Delano Roosevelt”, Portoviejo, 2019.
    (Universidad Técnica de Manabí, 2019) Laz Palma, Julexi Cristina ; Navarro Cedeño, Viviana ; " "
    The objective of the research is to identify the reading level in primary level students in the basic general education system. To develop the situational state of reading, a scientific, descriptive, and statistical methodology is applied; in the first moment it is developed in the structural function of the investigation which are the theoretical references, the second moment is centralized in obtaining data to establish this step the informational contrast is performed applying the qualitative and quantitative techniques that are segmented by the instruments. The third moment where statistics is applied and complemented by field activity, which is to survey students to determine the results using statistical tables. To execute the data collection, a survey is applied to boys and girls who attend the institution, who are in the 4th grade levels. year and 7th. year. These meet ages between 8 and 12 years and the total number of the sample that corresponds to 50 participants. The results that are appreciated in the statistics determined that children have a liking for reading, this is because the teachers who work within the institution contribute significantly to children, in addition to the “Manabí Grows Reading” program that it offers support in the line of connection, secondly that it is of vital importance to strengthen reading and encouragement for reading pleasure; and in conjunction with students from the library, documentation and archive career at the University; on the other hand, the children hold as part of this support that the readers' tastes vary, but they enjoy interpretive reading and that related to characters that manage to be brought in a scenic way.
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    Análisis de la pesca artesanal de lisa (género múgil) en el estuario del río Chone, provincia de Manabí
    (Universidad Técnica de Manabí, 2009) Giler Marmolejo, Teresa Marlene Del Rocío ; " " ; " "
    The present study consisted on the artisanal catches analysis of the Mugill’s Mullets at the chone’s river estuary county of Manabí. The fishing monitorings were carried out in the landing creeks, located in the Kilometer 8 and Leonidas Plaza during the months of july to october of the 2008. There were registered a total of 12.783 mullets coming from the obtained captures on board the canoes by standardized fishing arts ”enmalle net”. The fishing, effort was considered here as the permanency at fishing task. The fishing volumes, the catches composition and the catches per - unit of effort were determined also. The catches composition in order of percentage of occurrence showed the most abundont Múgil cephalus (Flathead mullet) with 92,27%; followed by Múgil curema (White mullet) with 7,02%; and Múgil hopes (Hospe mullet) with 0,11%. The volume of thecatch was significant, registered 240 samples they weighed 25.944,9 Kg fish. The fishing and the catch per- unit of effort (cpu) was generally bigger in Kilometer 8.
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    Comportamiento de plagas y enfermedade en el cultivo de Citrus aurantifolia (Christm.) y Citrus latifolia (Tanaka) en Latinoamérica y Ecuador.
    (Ingenieria Agronomica, 2022) Mero Casanova, Valeria Guadalupe ; Quijije Muñoz, María Angélica ; " " ; " "
    THE MEXICAN LEMON, CITRUS AURANTIIFOLIA, AND THE TAHITI LIME, CITRUS LATIFOLIA ARE IMPORTANT CITRUS FRUITS DUE TO THEIR DEMAND AS FRESH OR PROCESSED PRODUCTS. LATIN AMERICA PRODUCES 35% OF THE LIMES AND LEMONS CONSUMED IN THE WORLD. ITS CULTIVATION COULD BE AFFECTED BY EXOTIC AND NATIVE PHY-TOSANITARY PROBLEMS. THE OBJECTIVE OF THIS RESEARCH WAS TO ANALYZE THE OCCURRENCE AND IMPACT OF DISEASES AND PESTS IN C. AURANTIIFOLIA AND C. LATIFOLIA IN LATIN AMERICA. A REVIEW WAS CARRIED OUT IN DIFFERENT DATABASES, SUCH AS ACADEMIC GOOGLE, FAO AND EPPO. THE MAIN BACTERIAL AND FUNGAL DISEASES REPORTED ARE: CANKER CAUSED BY XANTHOMONAS CITRI SSP. CITRI, AN-THRACNOSE DUE TO COLLETOTRICHUM GLOEOSPORIOIDES AND COLLETOTRICHUM ACUTATUM AND GUMMOSIS ASSOCIATED WITH, PHYTOPHTHORA PARASITICA. AMONG THE VIROSIS, THE LEPROSIS VIRUS AND THE CITRUS TRISTEZA VIRUS, TRANSMITTED BY MITES, BREVIPALPUS SPP. AND TOXOPTERA CITRICIDA, RESPECTIVELY. PHYLLOCNISTIS CITRELLA IS CONSIDERED A PRIMARY PEST THAT BUILDS GALLERIES IN THE LEAVES, DEFORMING THEM AND AFFECTING THEIR DEVELOPMENT. THIRTY ONE TAXA OF COCCOIDEA AND FIVE OF WHITEFLIES (ALEYRODIDAE) WERE REPORTED. HOWEVER, THE MOST RELEVANT PHYTOSANITARY PROBLEM IS HUANGLONGBING (HLB) DE-TECTED IN THE AMERICAS IN BRAZIL IN 2004. IT IS CAUSED BY THE BACTERIA CANDI-DATUS LIBERIBACTER SPP. AND TRANSMITTED BY DIAPHORINA CITRI. THE PRODUCTION OF LIMES AND LEMONS IN LATIN AMERICA HAS FACED CHALLENGES IN DISEASE AND PEST MANAGEMENT. WHILE TECHNOLOGIES ARE GENERATED TO REDUCE THE DAMAGE CAUSED BY HLB AND OTHER PHYTOSANITARY PROBLEMS, CITRUS GROWERS MUST UNDERTAKE STRATEGIES THAT ALLOW THEM TO MANAGE THEM RATIONALLY AND AT THE SAME TIME MAINTAIN PRODUCTION LEVELS.
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    Determinación de las especies de trips asociadas al cultivo de cebolla (Allium cepa L.) y sus daños en el sitio la Papaya del cantón Rocafuerte
    (Ingenieria Agronomica, 2022-08) Granillo Cárdenas, Evelyng Alexandra ; Novoa Flores, Xiomara Michelle ; " " ; " "
    THE ONION (ALLIUM CEPA L. ) IS A CROP HIGHLY APPRECIATED FOR ITS ECONOMIC, COMMERCIAL AND NUTRITIONAL VALUE, SINCE IT IS USED IN MULTIPLE INDUSTRIES, BEING THE SECOND MOST IMPORTANT FOOD WORLDWIDE AND NATIONALLY AFTER TOMATO, THIS BEING VULNERABLE PRESENTS PHYTOSANITARY PROBLEMS IN THE DEVELOPMENT STAGES, IS INVADED BY VARIOUS INSECT PESTS SUCH AS THRIPS THAT CAUSE DAMAGE TO PLANTS AS THEY ARE TRANSMITTERS OF VIRUSES AND WHEN FEEDING LEAVE A KIND OF SCRAPING ON THE SURFACE OF LEAVES AND STEMS, WHICH IS SUBSEQUENTLY THE ENTRY OF OTHER PATHOGENS TO THE PLANT. THEREFORE, THE OBJECTIVE OF THIS STUDY WAS TO DETERMINE THE THRIPS SPECIES ASSOCIATED WITH THE ONION CROP (ALLIUM CEPA L.) AND THEIR DAMAGE AT THE PAPAYA SITE IN THE ROCAFUERTE CANTON. THRIPS POPULATIONS WERE EVALUATED IN 5 DIFFERENT ONION PLOTS 34 DAYS AFTER BEING TRANSPLANTED, IN THE MONTHS OF JULY-SEPTEMBER 2021, INDIVIDUALS WERE COLLECTED USING A WET BRUSH AND PLACED IN MINI VIALS WITH 70% ALCOHOL, THEN SUBJECTED TO CONVENTIONAL TECHNIQUES OF CLARIFICATION AND MOUNTING ON SLIDES AND THE DICHOTOMOUS KEY OF LUCID WAS USED, THE RESULTS SHOWED THE PRESENCE OF THRIPS TABACI L, AS THE ONLY SPECIES IN THE ONION CROP; THRIPS POPULATIONS WERE HIGHER IN PLOTS 4 AND 5 IN JULY AND EARLY AUGUST, WHILE THEY WERE LOWER IN PLOT 3. THE AVERAGE NUMBER OF THRIPS PER PLANT FROM JULY TO SEPTEMBER WAS 15.82, WHERE THE HIGHEST POPULATION WAS RECORDED IN JULY AND AUGUST; FOR THE PERCENTAGE OF DAMAGE, NO DIFFERENCES WERE FOUND, SINCE THE 5 PLOTS WERE AT A LOW MAGNITUDE, WITH GRADE 1 DAMAGE. HIGH TEMPERATURES AND LOW RELATIVE HUMIDITY FAVORED THE DEVELOPMENT OF THRIPS; ON THE OTHER HAND, THESE DECREASED WITH INCREASING CROP AGE.
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    Diferencias en la producción de combinaciones patrones-injertos de cacao (Theobroma cacao L.).
    (Ingenieria Agronomica, 2022-09) Arteaga Loor, Erick Alexander ; Zambrano Ganchozo, Leonardo Andrés ; " " ; " "
    DUE TO THE NUMEROUS VARIABLES INVOLVED IN THE PATTERN-GRAFT INTERACTION AND THE COMPLEXITY OF THEIR FIELD EVALUATION, THIS THESIS ATTEMPT TO ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTION IN PRACTICAL TERMS TO BE USED BY PRODUCERS. IS IT POSSIBLE TO HAVE ONE OR SEVERAL PATTERNS THAT, DUE TO THEIR CHARACTERISTICS, CAN BE USED WITH A LARGE NUMBER OF GRAFTS OR CLONES?. IT IS POSSIBLE TO SELECT ONE OR SEVERAL COMBINATIONS TO BE USED DUE TO ITS HIGH PRODUCTION IN THIS STUDY, THE COMPARISON OF THE TWENTY FOUR PATTERN-GRAFT COMBINATIONS UNDER A MONOCULTURE SYSTEM ALLOWS US TO DETERMINE WHICH COMBINATION IS BETTER IN TERMS OF PRODUCTION TO BE RECOMMENDED TO FARMERS DEDICATED TO THE PRODUCTION OF COCOA, THUS IMPROVING THEIR PROFITABILITY , QUALITY AND SUSTAINABILITY, WHICH THIS WOULD GIVE ECUADOR THE FIRST STEPS IN THE STUDY OF THE PATTERN-GRAFT INTERACTION OF WHAT LITTLE IS KNOWN ABOUT COCOA.
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    Dinámica poblacional del chinche patón (Leptoglossus zonatus) en el cultivo de la pitahaya roja (Hylocereus undatus (How.) Britton and Rose), en los cantones Rocafuerte y Santa Ana-Manabí-Ecuador.
    (Ingenieria Agronomica, 2022-09) Sornoza Vinces, Julexy Nicole ; Alcívar Gorozabel, José Luis ; " " ; " "
    DUE TO THE POTENTIAL THAT L. ZONATUS HAS TO BECOME A KEY PEST IN THE CULTIVATION OF RED PITAHAYA (H. UNDATUS) IN ECUADOR, AS IT IS IN SEVERAL AGRICULTURAL CROPS IN AMERICA, AND BECAUSE IN THIS COUNTRY THERE ARE NO STUDIES ON THE POPULATION FLUCTUATION OF THE INSECT AND ITS NATURAL ENEMIES DEPENDING ON TEMPERATURE AND RELATIVE HUMIDITY, THE OBJECTIVE OF THIS WORK WAS TO DETERMINE THE POPULATION DYNAMICS OF THE PATÓN BUG (LEPTOGLOSSUS ZONATUS) IN THE CULTIVATION OF RED PITAHAYA (HYLOCEREUS UNDATUS) IN TWO DIFFERENT AGROECOLOGICAL ZONES, AND TO YOUR MAY THIS RESEARCH SERVE AS A BASIS FOR FUTURE RESEARCH.
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    Diseño y construcción de un horno para el secado y deshidratación de productos agrícola en la planta piloto de la carrera de Ingenería Industrial
    (Universidad Técnica de Manabí, 2017) Litardo Velásquez, Jorge Luis ; Mera Cobeña, Walter Andrés ; Anchundia Loor, Andrés Miguel ; " "
    Faced with the problem of not having a drying equipment, the present titration work has the purpose of "designing and building an oven for the drying and dehydration of agricultural products in the pilot plant of the industrial engineering career". For its realization, it began with the study of the art of the problem, then synthesized the design methodology applied to the object of study, the design of the furnace will be obtained with the help of an academic tool and finally the construction of a prototype. The results of the evaluation of said study showed that if it is feasible and with the data already detailed, the materials and equipment were acquired, such materials used are refractory brick, genesis software 3.19.0, oven power was obtained with the calculation of the amount of heat absorbed by the load of a certain operating cycle; plus the loss of heat by conduction in the walls of the chamber, plus the loss of heat by radiation and convection from the outer cover after which the elements of resistance were calculated taking into account all the factors and parameters that end a good design, after obtaining the equipment, it was installed after verification of the installation. Once installed it was done to energize the equipment, and in the same way, perform an inspection through the senses to avoid leaks or undesirable sounds.
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    Efecto de la temperatura en la fruta de limón sutil (Citrus aurantifolia Swingle) almacenado en distintos periodos de tiempo.
    (Ingenieria Agronomica, 2022-09) Cedeño Guaranda,Fanny Estefanía ; Mieles Macias, Dayana Elizabeth ; " " ; " "
    CITRUS FRUITS ARE FRUIT TREES THAT OCCUPY AN OUTSTANDING PLACE COMPARED TO OTHER FRUIT TREES, DUE TO THEIR ECONOMIC AND NUTRITIONAL VALUE, THEY ARE GROWN IN MORE THAN 140 COUNTRIES, PRIMARILY IN TROPICAL AND SUBTROPICAL AREAS. IN THE LEMON, THE QUALITY OF THE FRUIT PLAYS A FUNDAMENTAL ROLE AT THE MOMENT OF COMMERCIALIZATION, FOR THIS REASON THE METHODS FOR ITS CONSERVATION AND STORAGE MUST BE CORRECTLY EXECUTED. THE OBJECTIVE OF THIS RESEARCH IS TO EVALUATE THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT TEMPERATURE RANGES ON THE SUBTLE LEMON FRUIT (CITRUS AURANTIFOLIA SWINGLE) STORED IN DIFFERENT PERIODS OF TIME, IN TWO LOCATIONS IN THE PROVINCE OF MANABÍ. IN THE PRESENT INVESTIGATION, A RANDOMIZED BLOCK DESIGN (DBCA) WAS USED, IN A 4X3 FACTORIAL ARRANGEMENT, GIVING 4 TEMPERATURE LEVELS (10, 12, 14 AND 26°C-AMBIENT TEMPERATURE) AND 3 STORAGE PERIODS (9, 12 AND 15 DAYS) OF THE FRUIT. THIS DESIGN WAS USED IN TWO SITES (AYACUCHO AND CALCETA). WITH A TOTAL OF 12 TREATMENTS PER LOCATION WITH 4 REPETITIONS, GENERATING AS A RESULT 200 FRUITS FROM EACH EXPERIMENTAL UNIT, WITH A TOTAL OF 800 FRUITS PER LOCATION. AS A RESULT, IT WAS OBTAINED THAT THE HIGHEST PERCENTAGES OF SURVIVAL WERE OBTAINED IN FRUITS STORED AT 9 DAYS SUBJECTED TO TEMPERATURES OF 10, 12 AND 14°C, HIGHER TEMPERATURES (26 °C) CAUSED A LOWER PERCENTAGE OF SURVIVAL IN FRUITS, IN RELATION TO THE QUALITY VARIABLES OF THE SUBTLE LEMON, IT WAS OBSERVED THAT THE HIGHEST VALUES OCCURRED AFTER 9 DAYS OF STORAGE AT A TEMPERATURE OF 14°C.
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    Efecto de la tierra diatomea en la incidencia de Spodoptera frugiperda Smith. en el cultivo de maíz Zea mays L.
    (Ingenieria Agronomica, 2022-08) Córdova Moreira, Mariela Lizeth ; Vera García, Madelen Lisbeth ; " " ; " "
    THIS RESEARCH WAS CARRIED OUT ON THE PREMISES OF THE LAND OF THE FACULTY OF AGRONOMIC ENGINEERING OF THE TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF MANABÍ LOCATED AT KM 14 OF THE VIA PORTOVIEJO – SANTA ANA, PROVINCE OF MANABÍ – ECUADOR LOCATED GEOGRAPHICALLY AT 01°09' SOUTH LATITUDE AND 80°21' WEST LONGITUDE WITH A HEIGHT OF 60 MASL. THE OBJECTIVE OF THIS RESEARCH WORK WAS TO ESTABLISH THE EFFECT OF DIATOMEAN EARTH ON THE INCIDENCE OF SPODOPTERA FRUGIPERDA SMITH. IN CORN CULTIVATION Z. MAYS. THE TREATMENTS EVALUATED WERE DIATOMATIC EARTH AT DOSES OF 250 G AND 500 G, SPINETORAM AT 30 ML PER PLOT (100CC/HA) AND THE CONTROL. AN EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN OF RANDOM COMPLETE BLOCKS WAS USED, A NON-PARAMETRIC ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE WAS CARRIED OUT, IN ADDITION TO A PAIRED T TEST, USING THE INSFOSTAT STATISTICAL PROGRAM VERSION 2020. WHERE DIATOMEAN EARTH (SILICON DIOXIDE) HAD EFFECTS ON THE CONTROL OF FALLWORM IN CORN CROPS, WHICH WAS SIMILAR TO THE CHEMICAL INSECTICIDE SPINETORAM, IN RELATION TO THE EVALUATED VARIABLES OF LEAF AND HEAD DAMAGE AND CONTROL OF THE INCIDENCE OF LARVAE. AND THE COST IN CONTROL OF S. FRUGIPERDA IN CORN CROPS WAS HIGHER WITH THE SPINETORAM TREATMENT REGARDING DIATOMEAN EARTH, IN THE DRY PERIOD. SO IT IS RECOMMENDED TO CONDUCT MORTALITY STUDIES OF SPODOPTERA FRUGIPERDA LARVAE, WITH TD UNDER FIELD CONDITIONS IN RAINY SEASONS, LABORATORY AND ITS EFFECT ON THE POPULATION OF BENEFICIAL INSECTS, ASSOCIATED WITH CORN CULTIVATION. BUT THE ECOLOGICAL IMPORTANCE OF DIATOMATIC EARTH TREATMENT IS RESCUED FOR THE ENVIRONMENT AND HUMAN HEALTH, SINCE IT IS AN ORGANIC PRODUCT.
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    EFECTOS DE LA FERTILIZACIÓN ORGÁNICA EN EL CULTIVO DE ALGODÓN (GOSSYPIUM HIRSUTUM)
    (Ingenieria Agronomica, 2022-09) Díaz Gutiérrez, Jean Pierre ; Quila Bonoso, Khabir Marcelo ; " " ; " "
    COTTON IS A VERY DEMANDING PLANT AT A NUTRITIONAL LEVEL, FOR THIS REASON AN EFFECTIVE APPLICATION OF FERTILIZERS IS NEEDED. ORGANIC FERTILIZERS ARE A VIABLE ALTERNATIVE IN ORDER TO LOWER PRODUCTION COSTS AND COUNTERACT ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE. THE INCORPORATION OF ORGANIC MATTER TO THE COTTON CROP HAS OCCURRED IN RECENT YEARS PROVING TO BE EFFECTIVE AS WELL AS CHEMICAL FERTILIZATION, WHICH HAS BEEN ESPECIALLY PROVEN IN SMALL-SCALE PRODUCTION SYSTEMS. THE MAIN OBJECTIVE OF THIS RESEARCH IT WAS TO EVALUATE, THROUGH A LITERATURE REVIEW, THE IMPORTANCE OF ORGANIC FERTILIZATION IN COTTON CULTIVATION.
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    Ejercicios físicos en el desarrollo de habilidades psicomotrices de los niños de la Unidad Educativa Alejandro Bermúdez Farías en la ciudad de Rocafuerte
    (Universidad Técnica de Manabí, 2021) Macías Baldarreamo, Igri Irlanda ; " " ; " "
    Motor skills are necessary and fundamental activities for the full development of the human being, therefore it is through the body and the movement that is applied that a full relationship with the environment is reached, the present research keeps the purpose of specifying the physical activities based on the development of motor skills in the children at Alejandro Bermúdez Farías school. Objective: To deseign physical exercises in the development of psychomotor skills of third-year students at Alejandro Bermúdez Farias school, in Rocafuerte canton. Methods: The study design was descriptive, cross-sectional, with a mixed approach (qualitative and quantitative). It was carried out with the participation of 21 children who correspond to the third grade in the institution, the sample was obtained through the simple random method including data collection techniques such as a teacher survey and the adaptation of the motor skills test under the study of authors such as Berges-Lezine, Ruiz, (1991), Brunett (1980), Arce and Rivera, Cordero, (1988), They have a relative relevance to be taken and adapted in this environment limited by the COVID 19 pandemic. Results: The findings indicate that there is a minimal, but important consideration based on skills not adequately developed in third-grade children, furthermore, it is evidenced that there was an improvement in reflexes for some of the motor skills. Conclusions: With the implementation of the tests (pre-test and post-test), an improvement was achieved with respect to motor skills, where it is stated that the main reason is not to include physical activities oriented to the skills described as there are no teachers for that specific area of the institution.
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    Ejercicios físicos en el desarrollo de habilidades psicomotrices de los niños de la Unidad Educativa Alejandro Bermúdez Farías en la ciudad de Rocafuerte
    (Universidad Técnica de Manabí, 2021) Chinga García, Jean Carlos ; Loor Ostaiza, Kelvin Junior ; " " ; " "
    Motor skills are necessary and fundamental activities for the full development of the human being, therefore it is through the body and the movement that is applied that a full relationship with the environment is reached, the present research keeps the purpose of specifying the physical activities based on the development of motor skills in the children at Alejandro Bermúdez Farías school. Objective: To deseign physical exercises in the development of psychomotor skills of third-year students at Alejandro Bermúdez Farias school, in Rocafuerte canton. Methods: The study design was descriptive, cross-sectional, with a mixed approach (qualitative and quantitative). It was carried out with the participation of 21 children who correspond to the third grade in the institution, the sample was obtained through the simple random method including data collection techniques such as a teacher survey and the adaptation of the motor skills test under the study of authors such as Berges-Lezine, Ruiz, (1991), Brunett (1980), Arce and Rivera, Cordero, (1988), They have a relative relevance to be taken and adapted in this environment limited by the COVID 19 pandemic. Results: The findings indicate that there is a minimal, but important consideration based on skills not adequately developed in third-grade children, furthermore, it is evidenced that there was an improvement in reflexes for some of the motor skills. Conclusions: With the implementation of the tests (pre-test and post-test), an improvement was achieved with respect to motor skills, where it is stated that the main reason is not to include physical activities oriented to the skills described as there are no teachers for that specific area of the institution.
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    Empleo de alternativa orgánica para reducir el uso de fertilizantes químicos en la producción del cultivo de maíz en la parroquia Lodana del cantón Santa
    (Ingenieria Agronomica, 2022-10) Macías Vélez, Yessica Tatiana ; Ponce Pincay, Yaritza Stefania ; " " ; " "
    CORN IS ONE OF THE MAIN SHORT-CYCLE CROPS IN ECUADOR, AS IT IS USED FOR HUMAN AND ANIMAL CONSUMPTION. THE STUDY WAS CONDUCTED AT THE TEODOMIRA EXPERIMENTAL CAMPUS OF THE FACULTY OF AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING, WHERE THE MAIN OBJECTIVE WAS TO EVALUATE THE PRODUCTION OF CORN CROP UNDER COMPOST APPLICATION TO REDUCE THE USE OF CHEMICAL FERTILIZERS. THE EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN USED WAS A COMPLETELY RANDOMIZED BLOCK DESIGN (CRBD) THREE REPLICATIONS, WITH 9 TREATMENTS PLUS A WITNESS, WHICH SERVED AS A REFERENCE TO CALCULATE THE AGRONOMIC EFFICIENCIES. THE STUDY FACTORS WERE FERTILIZER SOURCES (F1 = UREA + TRIPLE SUPER PHOSPHATE + POTASSIUM CHLORIDE; F2 = COMPOST + UREA + TRIPLE SUPER PHOSPHATE + POTASSIUM CHLORIDE; AND F3 = COMPOST + TRIPLE SUPER PHOSPHATE + POTASSIUM CHLORIDE) AND FERTILIZATION RATES (D1 = 66 - 23 - 60 KG NPK HA-1; D2 = 132 - 46 - 60 KG NPK HA-1; AND D3 = 198 - 69 - 90 KG NPK HA-1). THE VARIABLES EVALUATED WERE: EAR DIAMETER, EAR LENGTH, EAR FRESH WEIGHT, 100-SEED WEIGHT, YIELD, NPK AGRONOMIC EFFICIENCY, AND ECONOMIC ANALYSIS. ON THE OTHER HAND, THE BEST COST-BENEFIT RATIO IN CORN CROP PRODUCTION WAS OBTAINED WHEN CHEMICAL FERTILIZATION WITH UREA + TRIPLE SUPERPHOSPHATE + POTASSIUM CHLORIDE WAS APPLIED AT AN AVERAGE FERTILIZATION RATE (132-46-60 KG NPK HA-1), HAVING A LOW PRODUCTION COST AND A HIGHER MARGINAL RATE OF RETURN. BY INCORPORATING ORGANIC MATTER IN THE FERTILIZATION SOURCES AND USING A LOWER DOSE, IT IS POSSIBLE TO OBTAIN HIGHER YIELDS IN THE INTERACTIONS, ALTHOUGH THIS TREATMENT DID NOT SHOW EFFICIENCY IN THE REST, ITS APPLICATION CAN BE RECOMMENDED, SINCE IT CONSIDERABLY IMPROVES THE PHYSICAL, CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF THE SOIL.
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    Entomofauna Asociada a la Pitahaya Amarilla (Hylocereus megalanthus) (K.Schum. Ex Vaupel) Moran y Roja (Hylocereus undatus (Haw) Brit. & Rose, en la Parroquia Lodana del Cantón Santa Ana
    (Ingenieria Agronomica, 2022-09) Cedeño Pazmiño, Gema Julissa ; Avellán Vera, Marcos Anibal ; " " ; " "
    IN ECUADOR, THE SOWING OF THE PITAHAYA CROP HAS INCREASED IN RECENT YEARS, REACHING AN ESTIMATED 2,230 HECTARES IN 2021, THE YEAR IN WHICH 18,950 TONS OF FRUIT WERE EXPORTED TO THE UNITED STATES, HONG KONG AND SINGAPORE. THE MOST COMMERCIAL SPECIES OF PITAHAYA ARE OF THE GENUS HYLOCEREUS, WITH THE SPECIES H. UNDATUS, RED, AND H. MEGALANTHUS, YELLOW, HOWEVER THE LACK OF STUDIES IN THE HEALTH SECTOR IS ONE OF THE MAIN PROBLEMS OF THIS CROP, WHICH IS WHY IT WAS PROPOSED TO DETERMINE THE ENTOMOFAUNA PRESENT IN YELLOW PITAHAYA HYLOCEREUS MEGALANTHUS AND RED HYLOCEREUS UNDATUS, IN THE LODANA PARISH OF THE SANTA ANA CANTON, FOR THIS DIVERSITY INDICES SUCH AS: SIMPSON, SHANNON-WIENER AND PIELOU WERE USED. THE RESEARCH IS DESCRIPTIVE AND WAS CARRIED OUT IN TWO PHASES: THE FIELD PHASE WHERE THE COLLECTION AND CAPTURE OF THE INSECTS WAS CARRIED OUT, IN AN AREA OF 2,000 M², THE PLANTATIONS WERE BETWEEN 2.5 AND 4 YEARS OLD, 3 TYPES OF TRAPS: CHROMATIC, LIGHT AND PITFALL; THE LABORATORY PHASE WHERE THE IDENTIFICATION OF THE INSECTS IN ORDER, FAMILY AND SPECIES WAS CARRIED OUT, THIS WAS CARRIED OUT THROUGH TAXONOMIC KEYS, PROTOCOLS AND EQUIPMENT FROM THE MANTA AGROCALIDAD LABORATORY. REGARDING THE RESULTS, THE DIVERSITY INDICES YIELDED THE FOLLOWING VALUES: SIMPSON 0.7442-0.8939; SHANNON-WIENER 1.88-2.644; PIELOU 0.5995-0.8214, FOR YELLOW AND RED PITAHAYA, RESPECTIVELY. FOUR ORDERS WERE IDENTIFIED: COLEOPTERA, HEMIPTERA, HYMENOPTERA, FOR BOTH PITAHAYA SPECIES AND THYSANOPTERA WAS ONLY RECORDED IN RED PITAHAYA; IN ADDITION 23 TAXA WERE RECORDED FOR YELLOW PITAHAYA AND 25 FOR RED PITAHAYA. THE GREATEST DIVERSITY WAS EVIDENCED IN PITAHAYA ROJA, AS WELL AS THE GREATEST NUMBER OF TAXA. THE MOST ABUNDANT SPECIES WERE BRACHIACANTHA DARLENE WITH 258 INDIVIDUALS IN YELLOW PITAHAYA AND FRANKLINIELLA OCCIDENTALIS WITH 75 INDIVIDUALS IN RED PITAHAYA.
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    Entomofauna asociada al cultivo de tomate (Solanum lycopersicum L.) bajo dos tipos de manejo en la parroquia Lodana, Santa Ana–Manabí
    (Ingenieria Agronomica, 2022-09) Villamar Cedeño, Gema Katherine ; Avellán Vera, Marcos Andy ; " " ; " "
    THE MISUSE OF SYNTHETIC INPUTS IS ONE OF THE MAIN PROBLEMS IN AGRICULTURE WORLDWIDE. IN ECUADOR, THE TOMATO CROP MAINTAINS GREAT PHYTOSANITARY PROBLEMS, THEREFORE, THE OBJECTIVE OF THIS WORK IS TO DETERMINE THE ENTOMOFAUNA ASSOCIATED WITH THE TOMATO CROP (S. LYCOPERSICUM L.) UNDER TWO TYPES OF MANAGEMENT IN THE PARISH LODANA, SANTA ANA - MANABI, ONE OF THEM INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT (IPM) WHERE SYNTHETIC INPUTS CONSIDERED ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY WERE APPLIED AND THE OTHER WITH CONVENTIONAL MANAGEMENT (CM) WHERE SYNTHETIC INPUTS WERE APPLIED AS CARRIED OUT BY FARMERS IN THIS AREA. SPECIMENS WERE CAPTURED ONCE A WEEK THROUGH DIRECT AND INDIRECT EVALUATIONS. IDENTIFICATION WAS CARRIED OUT IN THE LABORATORY OF THE PHYTOSANITARY REGULATION AND CONTROL AGENCY (AGROCALIDAD). A TOTAL OF 1,165 INDIVIDUALS WERE OBSERVED IN BOTH MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS, INCLUDING POLLINATORS, PARASITOIDS, PREDATORS AND PHYTOPHAGOUS, GROUPED INTO SIX ORDERS, 13 FAMILIES AND 14 SPECIES, OF WHICH 58% OF THE INSECTS CAPTURED WERE FOUND IN THE CROP UNDER IPM AND 48% IN THE CM. THE MOST REPRESENTATIVE FAMILIES IN BOTH MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS WERE BRACONIDAE, FORMICIDAE AND NITIDULIDAE. PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS (PCA) SHOWS THAT TRIALEURODES SP. IS ASSOCIATED WITH MC, WHILE APHIS CRACCIVORA, CONURA SP., HYPERASPIS FESTIVA AND THE FAMILY CHRYSOMELIDAE ARE ASSOCIATED WITH IPM. THE GENERA CONATELUS SP., DOLICHODERUS SP. AND COTESIA SP. HAVE NO DIRECT RELATIONSHIP WITH EITHER MANAGEMENT. ACCORDING TO SIMPSON'S INDEX, NONE OF THE SPECIES FOUND DOMINATE IN THE PRODUCTION SYSTEMS, HOWEVER, THEY PRESENT A HIGH SPECIES RICHNESS. SHANNON'S INDEX SUGGESTS THAT THERE IS MODERATE SPECIES DIVERSITY IN IPM COMPARED TO CM AND PIELOU'S INDEX INDICATES THAT IPM PRESENTS HIGH HOMOGENEITY. IT CAN BE CONCLUDED THAT THE ENTOMOFAUNA ASSOCIATED WITH THE TOMATO CROP UNDER TWO AGRONOMIC MANAGEMENT WERE THE FAMILIES CHRYSOMELIDAE, CURCULIONIDAE, CECIDOMYIIDAE AND THE SPECIES HYPERASPIS SP. CHEILOMENES SEXMACULATA, CONATELUS SP., COTESIA SP., CONURA SP., APIS MELLIFERA, DOLICHODERUS SP., APHIS CRACCIVORA, TRIALEURODES SP., AND THRIPS PLAMI.
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    “Escolítinos asociados en monocultivo y agro sistema de cacao en la cuenca media del río Portoviejo”
    (Ingenieria Agronomica, 2022-09) Demera Revelo, Carlos Javier ; Moreira Garcia, José Julian ; " " ; " "
    THE OBJECTIVE OF THIS RESEARCH WAS TO DETERMINE THE DIVERSITY OF BARK BEETLES IN MONOCULTURE AND COCOA AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS IN THE MIDDLE BASIN OF THE PORTOVIEJO RIVER. FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THIS RESEARCH, FARMS IN MONOCULTURE AND AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS WERE SELECTED BETWEEN THE TOWNS OF PACHINCHE, LODANA AND SANTA ANA, IN EACH CROP SEVEN TRAPS WITH ALCOHOL AS AN ATTRACTANT WERE INSTALLED, MAKING COLLECTIONS EVERY FIFTEEN DAYS, THE MATERIAL WAS IDENTIFIED BASED ON TAXONOMIC KEYS. DURING THE EVALUATION PERIOD, 8372 INDIVIDUALS WERE COLLECTED FROM THE FARMS UNDER EVALUATION, REPRESENTED BY GENERA CORRESPONDING TO FOUR TRIBES, CORTHYLINI, IPINI, XILEBORINI AND TRYPOPHLOEINI. THERE WAS NO DIFFERENCE IN THE ABUNDANCE OF INDIVIDUALS BETWEEN THE TWO SYSTEMS, BUT THERE WAS BETWEEN THE EVALUATED FARMS, BEING HIGHER IN THE COCOA AGROFORESTRY SYSTEM ASSOCIATED WITH INGA SPECIES. THIRTEEN SPECIES WERE FOUND IN EACH CULTURE SYSTEM, DIFFERING ONLY IN THE PRESENCE OF CRYPTOCARENUS SPECIES IN MONOCULTURE AND MONARTHRUM IN AGOSYSTEM. THE FLIGHT ACTIVITY, GIVEN BY THE CAPTURES MADE BY THE BARK BEETLES PRESENT IN THE COCOA CULTIVATION SYSTEMS, OCCURRED BOTH IN THE RAINY AND DRY SEASONS, BUT ITS GREATEST ACTIVITY OCCURRED IN THE DRY SEASON. THE DIVERSITY OF BARK BEETLES AMONG THE SYSTEMS UNDER STUDY WAS LOW, WITH A HIGH DOMINANCE BY THE HYPOTHENEMUS SPECIES, WHICH WAS THE MOST ABUNDANT IN BOTH THE MONOCULTURE AND AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS. THE SPECIES OF BARK BEETLES ASSOCIATED WITH COCOA CULTIVATION, BOTH IN MONOCULTURE AND AGROSYSTEM, ARE SIMILAR.
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    Estudio de factibilidad para la creación de una microempresa productora y comercializadora de chocolate en el sitio Estancia Vieja de la parroquia Colón, cantón Portoviejo
    (Universidad Técnica de Manabí, 2016) Macías Macías, Diego David ; Muñoz Mendoza, Jimmy Kent ; " " ; " "
    In the operation of the feasibility study for the creation of a micro processing and marketing of chocolate in Estancia Vieja site Colon parish, in compliance with the objectives set by a quantitative approach contained in this report, the development of research. In the first chapter the definition and formulation of the problem which actually a lead to the realization of the project is included together the background and rationale for the study is detailed. In the second chapter the livelihood of theoretical research according to identified variables addresses, respecting the sources cited. In the third chapter refers to the methodology applied in the development of the study is done, the scope, objectives, method and techniques used as primary information interviews cocoa producers, survey of a sample taken from the population defined inhabitants of Portoviejo and secondary information from state and private institutions. The data were analyzed and interpreted through which the availability of raw materials in the province of Manabi and the level of acceptance for the product offered was known. At the close of chapter three verification of the objectives described and the conclusions and recommendations of the study carried out are set. In the fourth chapter the development of the proposal for the creation of a small business to prepare chocolate, detailing the nature of it, the name, objectives, mission and vision, as well as the basic elements to determine the feasibility of the project is conceived as technical study by the size, the location, the production process, the necessary staff and distribution areas are met; in the development of study and market analysis it was determined that there is an unmet demand relative to existing supply and marketing strategies to be implemented for the introduction of product and market new production unit raised. The study and financial analysis yielded information on the investment required by the project and by profitability ratios, net present value, rate of return, benefit-cost balance point it is concluded that the proposal is economically feasible in the lifetime considered .
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    Estudio organizacional para establecer una planta procesadora de uva tipo costa, en la ciudad de Santa Ana-Manabí.
    (Universidad Técnica de Manabí, 2021) Cuayal Cuaspud, Leidy Marisol ; Cuzme Álvarez, Andy Francisco ; ; " "
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    EVALUACIÓN DE LA TECNOLOGÍA DE RIEGO POR GOTEO UTILIZANDO LA MANGUERA UNIRAM EN EL CULTIVO DE CACAO, EN EL CAMPUS EXPERIMENTAL “LA TEODOMIRA” DE LA FIAG
    (Ingenieria Agronomica, 2022-10) Intriago Rezabala, Ernesto Eleuterio ; Muentes Cedeño, Darwin Vicente ; " " ; " "
    THE COCOA (THEOBROMA CACAO L), IS A PLANT CONSIDERED SENSITIVE TO WATER SCARCITY, ALTHOUGH YIELDS CAN BE AFFECTED BY EXCESS MOISTURE THAT OCCURS IN THE ROOT ZONE OF THE CROP, SO SOILS WITH GOOD DRAINAGE ARE NEEDED. THE OBJECTIVE OF THIS RESEARCH WORK WAS TO EVALUATE THE AGRONOMIC AND HYDRAULIC PARAMETERS OF THE DRIP IRRIGATION TECHNOLOGY WITH THE UNIRAM HOSE IN THE CULTIVATION OF COCOA IN THE EXPERIMENTAL CAMPUS "LA TEODOMIRA"; BELONGING TO THE FACULTY OF AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING, LOCATED IN THE LODANA PARISH, SANTA ANA CANTON, MANABÍ PROVINCE, ECUADOR. THE RESEARCH WAS CARRIED OUT IN THE AREA OF THE PROJECT "DEVELOPMENT OF INTRASPECIFIC COCOA HYBRIDS FOR THE PROVINCE OF MANABÍ". THE IRRIGATION UNITS WERE SELECTED IN WHICH THE DETERMINATIONS OF THE BEHAVIOR OF THE WETTING CONE WERE MADE, FOR WHICH 16 SAMPLING SITES WERE SELECTED FOR EACH IRRIGATION SUBUNIT. IN THE SELECTED PLANTS, THE MOISTENING CONE WAS DETERMINED STARTING FROM EACH SELECTED PLANT FROM 0.50 TO 1.50 METERS FROM THE PLANT, FOR WHICH THE TDR 300 VOLUMETRIC HUMIDITY METER WAS USED. THE UNIFORMITY COEFFICIENT OF THE INSTALLED IRRIGATION SYSTEM, FOR WHICH 16 RAIN GAUGES WERE PLACED FOR EACH SAMPLED UNIT. THE COEFFICIENT WAS DETERMINED FROM THE 25% MEAN FLOW RATES AND THE TOTAL MEAN FLOW RATES. WITH THE RESULTS OF THE DETERMINATION OF THE BEHAVIOR OF THE IRRIGATION SYSTEM, THE PROPOSAL OF THE OPERATION PROGRAM OF THE IRRIGATION SYSTEM WAS MADE, FOR WHICH AN AVERAGE FLOW RATE OF THE DRIPPERS OF 1.88 L/H WAS OBTAINED, WITH A UNIFORMITY COEFFICIENT OF 97 %, DEMONSTRATING THAT THE UNIRAM HOSE DRIP IRRIGATION SYSTEM GUARANTEES THE WATER REQUIREMENT OF THE COCOA CROP.