“Escolítinos asociados en monocultivo y agro sistema de cacao en la cuenca media del río Portoviejo”

Abstract

THE OBJECTIVE OF THIS RESEARCH WAS TO DETERMINE THE DIVERSITY OF BARK BEETLES IN MONOCULTURE AND COCOA AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS IN THE MIDDLE BASIN OF THE PORTOVIEJO RIVER. FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THIS RESEARCH, FARMS IN MONOCULTURE AND AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS WERE SELECTED BETWEEN THE TOWNS OF PACHINCHE, LODANA AND SANTA ANA, IN EACH CROP SEVEN TRAPS WITH ALCOHOL AS AN ATTRACTANT WERE INSTALLED, MAKING COLLECTIONS EVERY FIFTEEN DAYS, THE MATERIAL WAS IDENTIFIED BASED ON TAXONOMIC KEYS. DURING THE EVALUATION PERIOD, 8372 INDIVIDUALS WERE COLLECTED FROM THE FARMS UNDER EVALUATION, REPRESENTED BY GENERA CORRESPONDING TO FOUR TRIBES, CORTHYLINI, IPINI, XILEBORINI AND TRYPOPHLOEINI. THERE WAS NO DIFFERENCE IN THE ABUNDANCE OF INDIVIDUALS BETWEEN THE TWO SYSTEMS, BUT THERE WAS BETWEEN THE EVALUATED FARMS, BEING HIGHER IN THE COCOA AGROFORESTRY SYSTEM ASSOCIATED WITH INGA SPECIES. THIRTEEN SPECIES WERE FOUND IN EACH CULTURE SYSTEM, DIFFERING ONLY IN THE PRESENCE OF CRYPTOCARENUS SPECIES IN MONOCULTURE AND MONARTHRUM IN AGOSYSTEM. THE FLIGHT ACTIVITY, GIVEN BY THE CAPTURES MADE BY THE BARK BEETLES PRESENT IN THE COCOA CULTIVATION SYSTEMS, OCCURRED BOTH IN THE RAINY AND DRY SEASONS, BUT ITS GREATEST ACTIVITY OCCURRED IN THE DRY SEASON. THE DIVERSITY OF BARK BEETLES AMONG THE SYSTEMS UNDER STUDY WAS LOW, WITH A HIGH DOMINANCE BY THE HYPOTHENEMUS SPECIES, WHICH WAS THE MOST ABUNDANT IN BOTH THE MONOCULTURE AND AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS. THE SPECIES OF BARK BEETLES ASSOCIATED WITH COCOA CULTIVATION, BOTH IN MONOCULTURE AND AGROSYSTEM, ARE SIMILAR.