ESTADO NUTRICIONAL DEL PACIENTE ONCOLÓGICO CON QUIMIOTERAPIA AMBULATORIA EN EL HOSPITAL DR. JULIO VILLACRESES COLMONT NOVIEMBRE 2012-MAYO

Abstract

Cancer is a disease that affects the nutritional status of cancer patients and especially those receiving chemotherapy. The study of oncology patients recelving chemotherapy in the Hospital "Dr. July Villacreses Colmont "Portoviejo City, was diagnosing type-purposing conformed for a sample of the 100 cases which were evaluated, diagnosed 48% with, underweight according to the type and location of the tumor, between 39 and 47% of patients had a malnutrition and 78% have had a history of weight loss, especially in the late stages of the disease. There are changes in body composition that determine weight loss and biochemical abnormalities related to immune deficiencies which facilitate the progress of the disease. Chemotherapy contributes to anorexia and excessive urinary loss of protein as well as calcium and potassium by gastrointestinal disorders. This also potentiates the adverse effects, caused by drugs used in therapy. The effect of prolonged treatment generates appetite states that ultimately produce the decrease in body weight, contributing to mortality, besides causing prolonged hospital stay, treatments difficulty and poor application of therapeutic response. The tool used for the assessment of nutritional status was the Body Mass Index (BMI) or Quetelet index, is a measure that relates weight to height. It is necessary to note that the weight is affected more than the size for the nutritional status and body composition. An early and adequate nutritional status assessment will diagnose and identify high-risk cases, and start an educational approach and nutritional treatment. The results of this research clearly demonstrate the importance of these tools for nutritional assessment in cancer patients, to achieve high detection of patients with malnutrition. So we created a nutritional guide focused on proper feeding that required for these patients because adequate nutritional status improves survival prognosis.