"Determinación de la composición química ,digestibilidad in vitro y degrabilidad in situ de la Pitahaya amarilla (selenicereus megalanthus) y roja (hylocereus undatus) como alternativa de alimentación en el ganado bovino"

Abstract

The chemical composition, in vitro digestibility (IVD), and in situ degradability (DIS) of the pruning and harvest residue (stem and fruit) of the yellow (Selenicereus megalanthus) and red (Hylocereus undatus) pitahaya were evaluated. The research was carried out in the Experimental Center of Veterinary Medicine and in the agricultural laboratories of Lodana. The experimental design for the analysis of DIV and DIS is completely random with factorial arrangement (2x2) 2 pruning and harvest residues (stem and fruit) x 2 varieties (red and yellow) in two different incubation times and in 3 repetitions. For IVD, hours of 24 hours and 48 hours were established, and for DIS hours of 3 hours, 6 hours, 12 hours, 24 hours, 48 hours, and 72 hours. It was shown that the stem has a higher content of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) with 42.99% the red stem (TR) and 53.88% the yellow stem (TA) compared to the yellow fruit (FA) that contain 17.54% and the fruit red (FR) 25.06%. Regarding crude protein (PC), FR stands out with 8.88%, while FA contains 5.67%, TR 8.66% and TA 4.97%. In the IVD of 24h and 48h, it is determined that there are statistical differences in the type of pitahaya residue [24h (P = 0.0005)] and [48h (P = 0.0005)], the fruit being more digestible than the stem, the varieties are not presented statistical differences. In DIS, statistical differences of the type of pruning and harvest residue are manifested during the established hours being (P = <.0001) and in the varieties statistical differences are only determined after 12h, 24h, 48h and 72h, being (P = 0.0388), (P = 0.0419), (P = 0.0047) and (P = 0.0086) respectively. It is advisable to supply, preferably, the stem of the red variety as an alternative in the feeding of cattle in the dry season, due to its greater availability in the area, it also has considerable DIV, DIS and NDF content.