Efecto de Trichoderma sp. nativa en las características agronómicas y productivas del híbrido Salvador (Capsicum annuum L.)

Abstract

The cultivation of peppers managed with synthetic fertilizers affects the quality of the product and the environment, for which the use of biofertilizers based on Trichoderma is an alternative. With this background, it was proposed to evaluate the effect of Trichoderma sp. native to the agronomic and productive characteristics of the Salvador hybrid (Capsicum annuum L.). An in vitro germination test was performed, for which the seeds were disinfected and placed in Petri dishes, each seed was inoculated with 10 μm of a 1x109 spore suspension, native strains of Trichoderma sp. of the towns, Maconta Arriba, Santa Teresa and Chone, their combinations and the witness. A greenhouse pepper crop was established, with a randomized block design, six treatments, and three replications. The root system of each plant was inoculated in a flooding manner in a 1x109 spore suspension, after transplantation, 100 ml of a 109 spore suspension was applied every 15 days until the first harvest of the crop. Agronomic variables were evaluated every 15 days. Seed germination occurred 48 hours after application and there were no statistically significant differences between treatments, but there was 90% seed germination in all treatments. In the agronomic variables (radicle length, plant height (cm), stem diameter (mm), number of leaves and number of flowers), there was a difference only at fifteen days of evaluation, with the effect varying between the Santa Teresa, Maconta Arriba and Chone strains. There was a significant difference in the production variables, with fruits of 68.88 g being obtained with the commercial treatment. The native Trichoderma strains, although they did not present an effect on agronomic variables, favored the productive characteristics of the Salvador hybrid pepper.