Comparación de tecnologías de riego en cultivo de maní (Arachis hypogaea) con diferentes alternativas de nutrición

Abstract

Agriculture represents the activity with the greatest water demand worldwide, playing a transcendental role in food production. Therefore, the use of this resource in an annual crop such as peanuts is of primary importance, especially if the production areas and climatic conditions are considered, which do not usually satisfy the water requirements of the crop. The objective of the research was to evaluate the morpho-physiological and productive response of the peanut crop with different irrigation techniques and nutrition alternatives. A Bifactorial design was developed with a 2x5 arrangement for a total of 10 treatments with 3 repetitions. The experiment was executed in a completely randomized block in subdivided plots. Significant effects were found for both the irrigation technologies and the nutrition alternatives used in the morphophysiological variables, relative chlorophyll content, stomatal conductance, in the productive ones there were no significant effects in the evaluated variables. Drip irrigation and compost fertilization resulted in the highest values of stomatal conductance with 401 and 432 mmol/m2s, similar behavior occurred with the relative chlorophyll content with values of 51.60 and 53.42 Spad units respectively. The results obtained showed a positive effect of drip irrigation and the application of compost as a nutrition alternative in peanut cultivation, achieving a positive effect on water use by reducing the use of chemical fertilizers in peanut production.