Establecimiento y multiplicación in vitro de Vanilla tahitensis J.W. Moore mediante explantes nodales

Abstract

VANILLA IS A SOURCE OF NATURAL VANILLIN THAT IS VERY IMPORTANT IN THE ECONOMY OF SEVERAL COUNTRIES, ITS MAIN GENE POOL IS THREATENED BY DEFORESTATION, WHICH HAS CAUSED THE DISAPPEARANCE OF NATURAL HABITATS AND WILD SPECIES. THEREFORE, THE MULTIPLICATION AND CONSERVATION OF THE DIVERSITY OF VANILLA IS OF UTMOST IMPORTANCE DUE TO ITS NARROW GENETIC BASE. THE OBJECTIVE OF THIS RESEARCH WAS TO DEVELOP A METHODOLOGY FOR THE ESTABLISHMENT AND IN VITRO MULTIPLICATION OF VANILLA (VANILLA TAHITENSIS) FROM NODAL EXPLANTS. IN THE IN VITRO ESTABLISHMENT, MURASHIGE AND SKOOG (MS) WERE USED AS THE CULTURE MEDIUM AND IN THE IN VITRO MULTIPLICATION THE MS MEDIUM WAS SUPPLEMENTED WITH A CYTOKININ (BENZYLAMINOPURINE) AND A GIBBERELLIN (GA3) IN ADDITION TO VITAMINS, ASCORBIC ACID. IN THE IN VITRO ESTABLISHMENT PHASE, BACTERIAL AND FUNGAL CONTAMINATION WAS LESS THAN 10%, WHILE DURING IN VITRO MULTIPLICATION, THE GREATEST PLANT HEIGHT (1.50 CM), STEM DIAMETER (1.72 MM) AND NUMBER OF KNOTS (1.67) WERE OBTAINED WITH 2 MG L-1 OF BAP + 0.25 MG L-1 OF AG3.