Prospección del uso de plaguicidas en arroz (Oryza sativa L.) cultivado en Rocafuerte y Sucre provincia de Manabí

Abstract

Rice is a crop of great food and social importance worldwide, however, there are several pests and diseases that affect its growth and development, which makes necessary the use of agrochemicals for its control. Therefore, this research seeks to conduct a survey on the use of pesticides in the cultivation of rice (Oryza sativa L.), in the cantons of Rocafuerte and Sucre in the province of Manabí. To deepen the information on the use of agrochemicals in rice cultivation, a survey was conducted based on a theoretical review of the barriers and strategies in the adoption of knowledge related to the application of pesticides. The survey of rice farmers was conducted individually and lasted 20 minutes. Some of the questions were aimed at identifying and knowing the producer's perspective on different aspects of their experience in the field, such as agricultural management, agrochemical application, limitations in their application and protection measures used. The results obtained show that the use of pesticides on rice is widespread in the cantons studied; in fact, in the agronomic management of rice cultivation, chemical control predominates over other controls. From the results obtained, it is concluded that the most widespread control method is preventive and curative, based on the use of pesticides of chemical-synthetic origin, and that, in general, biological control is not used due to the farmers' lack of knowledge. On the other hand, the frequency of application of the product is fortnightly, which implies the use of pesticides in an inadequate way and in a high frequency without the due protection measures. It is advisable to continue this type of research in other locations to deepen the analysis of the information.