Caracterización de los parámetros sanguíneos del chame Dormitator latifrons (Richardson, 1844) en ambientes naturales y de producción

Abstract

The hematological parameters are an important diagnostic tool that physiological changes in the health status of fish, which are related to changes in nutrition, reproduction, age, sex, water quality, nutrition, climatic seasons, diseases and environmental conditions. Dormitator latifrons is an important species for the Manabí economy, and has been cultivated since the last century in extensive systems. At present, there is an interest to develop its aquaculture intensively, therefore, this research aims to describe the different blood cells and determine the hematological parameters in chames collected in natural environment and production. The fish (n = 225) were collected in two sites in natural environment (Larrea and La Segua) and a site in the production environment (chamera). All were taken to the Centro de Sanidad Acuícola de la Universidad Técnica de Manabí, where the total length (cm) and weight (gr) were recorded. The blood was collected with a syringe of heparinized insulin by caudal puncture. Spreads were prepared and stained with the Wright-Giemsa technique. For the cytometric description, 45 chames were analyzed, 15 individuals from each locality. Variations in hematological parameters such as hematocrit (Ht), hemoglobin concentration (Hb), erythrocyte count (RBC) and leukocyte count (WBC), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (HCM) and hemoglobin concentration Corpuscular media (CHCM) were compared between climate season and sampling site. The total length of the fish varied from 16.7 to 29.7 cm (22.3 ± 4.14) and the weight from 55 to 480 g (177 ± 117.15). The different blood cells (erythrocytes, lymphocytes, basophils, neutrophils and monocytes) were described. Additionally, the values of total erythrocytes 310,000 to 5,380,000 cells / uL (2,900,000 ± 0,79) are reported; leukocytes 750 to 62,050 cells / uL (9,550 ± 8.90); hematocrit 18 to 69% (43 ± 9.73); hemoglobin concentration 4.40 to 17.60 g / dL (9.88 ± 2.78); VCM 74.35 to 350.43 FL (154.13 ± 44.85); HCM 15.33 to 84.78 pg (35.43 ± 11.16) and CHCM 8.98 to 37.27 g / dL (22.50 ± 4.18) of the Carrizal - Chone river system. The parameters showed coincidence with the reference values given for other fish species, both species of culture and collected in natural environment. Most of the hematological parameters showed that the values increase with the size of the organisms, that is, they are associated with the life history of the species.