Determinación de las especies de trips asociadas al cultivo de cebolla (Allium cepa L.) y sus daños en el sitio la Papaya del cantón Rocafuerte

Abstract

THE ONION (ALLIUM CEPA L. ) IS A CROP HIGHLY APPRECIATED FOR ITS ECONOMIC, COMMERCIAL AND NUTRITIONAL VALUE, SINCE IT IS USED IN MULTIPLE INDUSTRIES, BEING THE SECOND MOST IMPORTANT FOOD WORLDWIDE AND NATIONALLY AFTER TOMATO, THIS BEING VULNERABLE PRESENTS PHYTOSANITARY PROBLEMS IN THE DEVELOPMENT STAGES, IS INVADED BY VARIOUS INSECT PESTS SUCH AS THRIPS THAT CAUSE DAMAGE TO PLANTS AS THEY ARE TRANSMITTERS OF VIRUSES AND WHEN FEEDING LEAVE A KIND OF SCRAPING ON THE SURFACE OF LEAVES AND STEMS, WHICH IS SUBSEQUENTLY THE ENTRY OF OTHER PATHOGENS TO THE PLANT. THEREFORE, THE OBJECTIVE OF THIS STUDY WAS TO DETERMINE THE THRIPS SPECIES ASSOCIATED WITH THE ONION CROP (ALLIUM CEPA L.) AND THEIR DAMAGE AT THE PAPAYA SITE IN THE ROCAFUERTE CANTON. THRIPS POPULATIONS WERE EVALUATED IN 5 DIFFERENT ONION PLOTS 34 DAYS AFTER BEING TRANSPLANTED, IN THE MONTHS OF JULY-SEPTEMBER 2021, INDIVIDUALS WERE COLLECTED USING A WET BRUSH AND PLACED IN MINI VIALS WITH 70% ALCOHOL, THEN SUBJECTED TO CONVENTIONAL TECHNIQUES OF CLARIFICATION AND MOUNTING ON SLIDES AND THE DICHOTOMOUS KEY OF LUCID WAS USED, THE RESULTS SHOWED THE PRESENCE OF THRIPS TABACI L, AS THE ONLY SPECIES IN THE ONION CROP; THRIPS POPULATIONS WERE HIGHER IN PLOTS 4 AND 5 IN JULY AND EARLY AUGUST, WHILE THEY WERE LOWER IN PLOT 3. THE AVERAGE NUMBER OF THRIPS PER PLANT FROM JULY TO SEPTEMBER WAS 15.82, WHERE THE HIGHEST POPULATION WAS RECORDED IN JULY AND AUGUST; FOR THE PERCENTAGE OF DAMAGE, NO DIFFERENCES WERE FOUND, SINCE THE 5 PLOTS WERE AT A LOW MAGNITUDE, WITH GRADE 1 DAMAGE. HIGH TEMPERATURES AND LOW RELATIVE HUMIDITY FAVORED THE DEVELOPMENT OF THRIPS; ON THE OTHER HAND, THESE DECREASED WITH INCREASING CROP AGE.