"Efecto de la suplementaciòn dietaria con harina de tomate (Solanum lycopersicum )sobre el desempeño productivo,paràmetros bioquìmicos y morfologìa intestinal de pollos de engorde".

Abstract

Tomato flour supplementation (TF) was evaluated on the productive performance, glycemia, lipid profile, and intestinal morphology of 300 Cobb 500 chickens, randomly distributed at 28 days of age in six treatments (T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, and T6), generated by combining the factors: sex (S) and TF dose (0%, 1%, and 2%). The results were analyzed to by analysis of variance (ANOVA), using one design completely random whit 2x3 factorial arrangement or the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test when normality was not observed in the treatments. The S x TF interaction determined that the final weight (FW) and weight gain (GW) of all the birds at day 42 was higher (P<0.05) in male chickens supplemented with 1% TF (T1). There was no differences between treatments regarding feed intake (P>0.05), although feed conversion (CF) was lower in the supplemented with 1% TF (P=0.006). The slaughter weight (SW) obtained from a sample of ten birds per treatment (two per repetition) was higher in male birds supplemented with 1% TF, in relation to non-supplemented birds (P<0.05), no observed differences for the weight and performance in the carcass (P>0.05). The relative weight (RW) of abdominal fat was higher in females and the RW of intestines, in males (P<0.05); RW of proventriculus, ventricle, and the sum of both was lower in the treatments supplemented with TF ( P<0.05); intake TF did not affect the serum glucose (GLU), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoproteins (HDL-c), lipoproteins, low-density (LDL-c), while for to interaction S x TF established a lower-level and high-level of triacylglycerol (TAG) for T1 and T5, respectively. There were no differences between treatments for the HDL-c/LDL-c ratio, although the CT/HDL-c ratio was lower in females (P<0.05). The length of the duodenal villi was greater when supplementing with 1% TF (P<0.001); The S x HT interaction established that the villi length: crypt depth ratio on duoden was higher in T5 and T2 (P<0.05), while this ratio was higher in jejunal crypts with 2% TF (P<0.038). It is concluded that supplementation with 1% TF improves FW, WG, CF, and SW in male chickens, without modifying the characteristics of the carcass, supplementation with TF reduced the RW of the proventriculus and ventricle, and the supply of TF got better morphometry of the villi of the duodenum and jejunum, without modifying GLU levels and lipid profile, except TG concentration in females chickens.