Evaluación ergonómica para la prevención de riesgo músculo-esquelético utilizando el método Erin a los trabajadores de la asociación Tropitagua en el cantón Rocafuerte, provincia de Manabí

Abstract

The current evaluation is aimed at the environment of the workers of the workshops of the association Tropitagua, based on this shows a procedure for evaluation and diagnosis of the following jobs (borer, owner, cleaner and processor of pieces of tagua). It aims to reduce the latent risks that are exposed workers and the causes that originate them. This is to try to reduce occupational diseases and increase the complacency of workers in the development of their activities, increasing the productivity of work. Being the inadequate facilities or equipment, the adoption of forced and repetitive postures that are one of the main causes of musculoskeletal conditions, making it impossible for the workers to perform their tasks, problematizing their health, over time this leads to suffering Of diseases of musculoskeletal disorders of cervical, dorsal, lumbar and sacral origin, besides affections in the wrists, neck, shoulder and arms. In the current research the main objective was to perform an evaluation of musculoskeletal disorders using the ERIN (Individual Risk Assessment) method, for the prevention of ergonomic diseases in the workers of the workshops of the association Tropitagua; This ergonomic method is valid and easy to use very used in Cuba that is a country of the Caribbean where it originates. It is investigated to propose a proposal for prevention of musculoskeletal risk that strengthens the work performance of the workers of the workshops of the Tropitagua association, placing a lot of emphasis on the positions of driller, owner, cleaner and elaborator of pieces of tagua, who fulfill a Optimal profile for the application of the ERIN (Individual Risk Assessment) method. This research tries to establish the real magnitude of the problem and to interfere in a preventive way by carrying out the investigation of the risks present in its place of work. To do this, the field research was developed and the descriptive method was used under the data collection, variables and characteristics of a population in conjunction with the following techniques: observation, survey, risk matrix. In the research sample, it was possible to conclude that at present the workers of the workshops of the association Tropitagua are at a high and medium risk level of suffering musculo-skeletal disorders in the development of their work activities, due to the realization of Forced and repetitive at different levels. The training and preparation of workshops to prevent ergonomic risk of musculoskeletal disorders and even effective postural hygiene will allow planning and hosting a wide range of preventative measures to prevent a labor illness from fulfilling the general purpose of ergonomics The health and the well-being of the man with the relation to the work and the environment that surrounds it