"Lesiones hepàticas y pèrdidas provocadas por decomiso en bovinos faenados en el centro de faenamiento de Portoviejo"

Abstract

In order to determine which are the liver lesions that constitute the cause of seizures in bovines slaughtered in the municipal slaughterhouse of the Cantón Portoviejo, by identifying the main macroscopic lesions and their histopathological translation, as well as the evaluation of the losses caused by the seizure of bovine livers in that center, 1224 bovines of the categories cows, vaconas, bulls and bulls were slaughtered, which were 100% of the animals slaughtered during the period between December, 2019, and January and February 2020. The livers were inspected according to the established regulatory regulations, specifying the macroscopic alterations found in the affected organs, which were recorded in an Excel sheet for subsequent statistical analysis. All the livers inspected were weighed on a CAMRY brand digital scale, Model ACS- 30-JC21, with a margin of error of ± 10 grams of precision and samples were taken for the histopathological study of the most significant cases, which were processed by the classical technique of embedding and cuts in paraffin blocks and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. For the evaluation of the losses due to confiscation, the total weight of the healthy and affected organs was taken into account and the difference was calculated for this concept, also considering the losses due to non-commercialization of those tissues. Of the total of livers examined, 281 were seized, representing 22.9%. There was a significant difference between the appearance of lesions that constituted a reason for total seizure, which were Telangiectasia (16.4%), Hydatid cysts (3.51%), Fatty liver (1.96%) and Hepatomegaly (1.06%) . Among the slaughter categories established by the slaughter plant, there were significant differences p≤ 0.05 for the appearance of Telangiectasia, but not for the rest of the pathologies observed during the study. Histopathological alterations demonstrated the interrelation of cellular changes in cases of fat change and hepatomegaly, especially when this process is associated with disorders possibly of metabolic origin and part of the etiopathogenic process of telangiectasia was evidenced. It was concluded that there is a seizure of approximately 30% of the livers inspected in the slaughterhouse of the Portoviejo canton for different reasons, with Telangiectasia as the main cause of seizure, causing large losses in kg of weight due to seizures that represent up to 23.05% of the total weight that should have been delivered for human consumption.