Evaluación de alternativas para control del gusano cogollero (Spodoptera frugiperda Smith) en el cultivo del maíz (Zea mays L.)

Abstract

CORN (ZEA MAYS L.) IS ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT CEREALS IN THE WORLD AND IN ECUADOR IT IS THE MAIN TRANSITORY CROP. THE FALL ARMYWORM, SPODOPTERA FRUGIPERDA SMITH (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE) IS CONSIDERED THE MOST IMPORTANT PEST, SINCE IT IS CAPABLE OF INFESTING MAIZE AT ANY PHENOLOGICAL STAGE AND COULD SIGNIFICANTLY AFFECT YIELD. FOR ITS CONTROL, SYNTHETIC CHEMICAL INSECTICIDES ARE MAINLY USED. IN ORDER TO EVALUATE SOME ALTERNATIVE APPLICATIONS OF MICROBIAL, BOTANICAL AND CHEMICAL INSECTICIDES FOR THE CONTROL OF S. FRUGIPERDA, A FIELD TRIAL WAS CARRIED OUT DURING THE PERIOD SEPTEMBER - DECEMBER 2021. THE TREATMENTS EVALUATED WERE 1. CONVENTIONAL TREATMENT: CHLORPYRIFOS + ACEPHATE (DOSE: 1 CC.L-1). 2. BOTANICAL INSECTICIDE: AZARIDACTIN (2 CC.L-1). 3. CHEMICAL INSECTICIDE: LAMBDACIOLATRIN (2 CC.L-1). 4. BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT: BACILLUS SPP. (MIXTURE OF BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS + BACILLUS SUBTILIS AND BACILLUS PUMILIS) (2 CC.L-1). 5. CHEMICAL INSECTICIDE: CHLORANTRANILIPROLE, (2 CC.L-1). 6. A TEST WITHOUT INSECTICIDES. THE TREATMENTS WERE CARRIED OUT EVERY 15 DAYS, SIX SPRAYS IN TOTAL.