NEUTROPENIA FEBRIL EN NIÑOS CON LEUCEMIA LINFOBLÁSTICA AGUDA ENEL ÁREA DE PEDIATRÍA DEL HOSPITAL ONCOLÓGICO DE SOLCA MANABÍ OCTUBRE 2010 – MARZO 2011

Abstract

Studies conducted in Latin America show that the predominant cancer diagnosis in children with acute leukemias are lymphoblastic type in 69% of cases after chemotherapy course with episodes of febrile neutropenia in the majority. With this work we proceeded to conduct a retrospective descriptive study based on medical records of patients under 18 treated at the oncology hospital Solca Manabí, which provided relevant clinical data on diagnosis, treatment and complications of febrile neutropenia in acute lymphoblastic leukemia in the pediatric area. The objectives of this research is based on identifying what makes a correct diagnosis of this pathology, the type of treatment administered in patients with febrile neutropenia and acute lymphoblastic leukemia and had complications during the course. On the other hand determine the demographic characteristics of the patients we determined the mortality rate. As applied to the hypothesis it was found and was used MASCC index is a parameter that is used to identify patients with febrile neutropenia at lower risk of complications and, therefore, of death, based on the characteristics the patient at the beginning of the febrile episode, in our patients were classified as standard risk group. The information was obtained using an instrument such as data collection form for this research. Which was applied in the medical records and took the appropriate diagnosis. The population is approximately a total of 12 cases diagnosed with febrile neutropenia in acute lymphoblastic leukemia, once established the data were grouped according to the pediatric age, sex, place of residence, personal medical history, socioeconomic level and symptomatology. The data were analyzed and tabulated using the Excel program to establish the respective frequencies and percentages, thanks to the information obtained is trying to generate a real statistical estimate of the presence of this disease in our population manabita children during the period October 2010 - March 2011. In conclusion we obtained the following data: the incidence in male patients was the highest percentage that obtained in our research, and same age of most patients with this condition fell in the range of 0 to 10 years, the origin is in urban areas mostly. Among other data it is apparent that economic resources are low. As regards the symptoms in all patients affected to a lesser commitment to general and widespread occurrence was pallor and fever. They found personal and family medical history relevant. It was concluded that most of these patients were standard risk and 99% were enrolled with febrile episodes. Most received antibiotic therapy for oral and intravenous low-risk scheme, most complications were respiratory in nature, and as recent data fortunately mortality is low in our environment.