EL PRECIO DE VENTA DEL MAÍZ Y SU INCIDENCIA EN LOS COSTOS DE PRODUCCIÓN DEL SECTOR AVÍCOLA DE JUNÍN: PERÍODO 2013 – 2015

Abstract

This research entitled “The selling price of maize and its impact on production costs in the poultry sector Junín: period 2013 – 2015” was developed through the field of agriculture, having studied a group of farmers and poultry producers that part of the production chain of canton, which is to know the selling price of hard yellow corn in different years studied and determine production costs, generated by production of the Companies engaged in the poultry industry in the canton. The work was developed in the province of Manabí, Junín Canton, whose sector is located in one of the climate zones with greater presence of rains in the year, this allows farmers of corn and other crops grown in grasslands receive enough water and reduce the irrigation costs of the vital liquid. The hills and moors of Junín are the perfect complement to reap in short periods for the benefit of national agribusiness. On the outside of the canton no presence of permanent crops such as cocoa, lemon and others. Lack of inputs in the sector makes it impossible for farmers in Junín get the most out of their land, so they do seasonal and waiting for help from the kit of supplies of certified seed provided by the government, since, otherwise They could not do so due to lack of resources as more and get lower returns, reducing their income and compromising the quality of life of these families. There are more serious problems faced by farmers, such as the high cost of labor, land rents, increased inputs for raw materials, market conditions, and lack of state policies that allow prices are respected by public institutions like the MAGAP. The incipient in the production of this form of organization of the Popular and Solidarity Economy product is corn, since it generates higher profits that serve to take their vital costs. Annually corn prices ranging between $ 11.50 and $ 14.90 per hundredweight sold, but the problem is “Whom to sell?” Since lack of industrial processes for corn prevents them from receiving what they consider a fair price, because when farmers sell to a silo, payment is not immediate, so they prefer to sell their products to intermediaries. The methodology used in the thesis entitled "The selling price of maize and its impact on production costs in the poultry sector Junín: period 2013 - 2015" is participatory and exploratory field. Observation and constant contact with farmers and poultry producers in el Junín Canton has been essential to ensure the results of research in which the survey tool was used to perform the lifting of field data. A survey of 240 farmers and 24 poultry farmers in the canton, of which data were obtained absolute relevance was performed. As results were achieved test two hypotheses raised in the development of research showing that costs and production levels significantly affect the income of farmers, which at the same time has consequences on their quality of life. The testing of hypotheses by the method of Chi-Square of Pearson, the results were less than 0.868 which is not acceptable under the hypothesis that wanted to test, where was obtained it was possible that the price of corn in his dry state does not affect the cost of production of the derivatives that are used in poultry products, so the hypothesis of the research is approved