TOXOPLASMOSIS Y FACTORES DE RIESGO EN EMBARAZADAS DEL HOSPITAL BÁSICO DE EL CARMEN

Abstract

Objective: To determine seroprevalence against Toxoplasma gondii and risk factors in pregnant women who attend prenatal control at the Basic Hospital of El Carmen. Methodology: The study corresponded to descriptive, cross-sectional, ambispective and observational research. The medical records of HIV-positive pregnant women for toxoplasmosis, who attended the Basic Hospital of El Carmen during the period January – December 2019 and collecting in a database the following parameters: gestational age, number of controls, results of IgG and IgM laboratory tests were reviewed. In addition, a survey was conducted to determine possible risk factors for toxoplasmosis, in 30 pregnant women who attended consultation during the period under study (the HIV-positive survey was not achieved). Results: A total population of 1130 pregnant women attended the Basic Hospital of El Carmen during the period studied, of which 22 turned out to be HIV-positive. Ages 15-20 were the highest prevalence group (45.5%), of which 20 women were diagnosed in first birth and 2 in second birth. Of the women evaluated, 20 were in school, 8 were in high school and 2 were from higher education. Finally, risk factors predisposed to Toxoplasma gondii infection were detected for 20 women who have pets; of the total sample, 25 consume uns boiled water; 30 consume uns boiled milk and 29 consume raw vegetables. • Conclusion: 22 HIV-positive patients were identified for IgG anti-Toxoplasma gondii. No pregnant woman was HIV-positive to IgM. There is no knowledge of toxoplasmosis infection. Knowledge about infection in patients is zero, as in all their responses about toxoplasmosis it was observed that they are completely unaware of the subject, and it is not important to it, since they do not interpret their laboratory tests, nor are they interested in knowing that they are searched in the studies that are requested. However, users who go to the pre-natal consultation at the Basic Hospital of El Carmen and can be identified that within their diet there is the intake of raw vegetables which was the greatest risk factor associated with the infection of Toxoplasmosis, which despite the declaration of washing them , it cannot be ensured that the water with which it is made is free of microorganisms, and in this case toxoplasma; for this, a triptych was delivered that provided basic information on how to prevent Toxoplasma gondii infection for pregnant women who go to the Basic Hospital of Carmen.