ALOANTICUERPOS DETECTADOS POR MÉTODO DE TARJETA ANTI-IGG-C3D EN PACIENTES POLITRANSFUNDIDOS. HOSPITAL GENERAL DE MANTA

Abstract

Alloimmunization is a complication of transfusion therapy that can be lethal, especially if it refers to polytransfused patients, since, as the number of transfusions in a person increases, the risk of presenting some type of irregular antibody increases. Transfusion safety is essential to avoid immunological complications or alloimmunizations that trigger the formation of irregular antibodies (AI) or alloantibodies after a blood transfusion. The objective of the research is to determine the prevalence of alloantibodies detected by the anti-IgG-c3d card method in polytransfused patients of the General Hospital of Manta, a method by which the presence of irregular antibodies such as anti Rh-Hr, Kell, Duffy, Kidd, Lewis, among others. The present study was descriptive and cross-sectional aimed at 28 transfused patients, whose result in the irregular antibody screening technique (IAS) is positive, in a period of 1 year, from the medical records obtained in the e-system. Delphyn. After the development of the research work, the prevalence of clinically significant alloantibodies was determined in a population of 1,655 transfused patients with 1.69% and in 686 polytransfused patients with 1.75%. The female gender and the age between 16 - 36 years, as well as the O + group and the R1R1 phenotype, obtained the highest percentage. The alloantibodies found with the highest prevalence in polytransfused patients were anti-c and anti-E, belonging to the Rh system