FACTORES DE RIESGO ASOCIADOS A MORTALIDAD NEONATAL EN EL HOSPITAL REGIONAL Dr. VERDI CEVALLOS BALDA DE PORTOVIEJO DE ABRIL 2005 – ABRIL 2006

Abstract

Neonative mortality is the indicator that is used to express the risk of passing away or the life expectancies of new born during the first 28 days of life in a country, region, or determined population taken care of in a perinatal center, reflecting the quality of attention lent to the health of the gestante woman and new born. Every minute in some place of the world 8 children die in the first month of life, 8 in the first week, 8 are born dead. Every minute dies 1 woman after the childbirth, 98% of these deaths takes place in the countries developing. The present study must like objective analyze and determine the main maternal and neonative factors of risk associated to neonative mortality and the main causes of neonative deaths, in new born that were taken care of in the unit of neonatology of the Hospital Verdi Cevallos Shelf of Portoviejo during April from the 2005 the 2006 of the same month and that they died during this period. The present study is retrospective, analytical and documentary, having like investigation object, clinical histories of neonative deaths (0-28 days). During the period of April of 2205-April 2006 3583 alive children were born, selected clinical histories of new born that entered the area of neonatology with greater weight of 900 grams; gestacional age greater to 28 weeks, that passed away during the year of investigation; we determined that it rates of mortality are of 20.3 alive deaths by each new born that corresponds to 2.03% of the total of the births. In our investigation the main maternal factors of risk that were associated to neonative mortality were adolescent (15, 1-19 years), primigestas, nulíparas, been civil of free union of rural origin and with a primary instruction of education. The main associated neonative factors of risk to mortality were the prematurez, new born with smaller Apgar of 7 and than they displayed an anormal physical examination. In our study we determined that the main cause of neonative death was the Sindrome de Respiratory Distres. It is possible to stress that given the sub registry that exists in each one of clinicas histories, she was not feasible reflected the absolute reality of the factors associated to neonative mortality.