BACTERIAS GRAM NEGATIVAS PRODUCTORAS DE CARBAPENEMASAS AISLADAS DE PACIENTES HOSPITALIZADOS EN EL HOSPITAL GENERAL IESS PORTOVIEJO

Abstract

Enterobacteriaceae are the main microorganisms involved in the origin of infectious diseases in humans; Their natural resistance profile makes them capable of hydrolyzing beta-lactam antibiotics through the production of carbapenemases and also their genetic material is capable of mutating and acquiring mechanisms of multiple resistance; In this way, the large number of pathological processes caused by this type of bacteria vary, such as bacteremia, peritonitis, nosocomial pneumonia, urinary tract infections and meningitis. Throughout the world, different types of microorganisms have appeared year after year. antimicrobials and that are investigated within the therapeutic scope, which has given way to the continuous use of carbapenems which are ß-lactam antibiotics of broad spectrum with bactericidal activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria both aerobic and anaerobic with high resistance in cases of presence of major infections; Due to these properties, these drugs have been initially considered as reserve weapons to be used especially in these special cases. Objective: To determine the prevalence of carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative bacteria isolated from hospitalized patients at IESS Portoviejo General Hospital during the year 2017. Materials and Methods: The study corresponds to a retrospective, cross-sectional, analytical and observational type of study in 43 patients hospitalized with isolates of carbapenemase-producing strains at the Portoviejo IESS General Hospital. Results: By means of the realized study we obtained the prevalencia of the bacteria negative producing Gram of carbapenemasas giving us a result of 4 %, the distribution fenotípica of the bacteria negative Gram we obtained 100 % of type KPC, the incident of the bacteria negative Gram we could observe with 60 % of incident it was of Klebsiella pneumoniae producing vine-stock of carbapenemasas, the distribution of the bacteria negative Gram according to the place of origin we observe 63 % they come from males' clinic, the type of sample where both come from the wounds and fabrics with 20 %, the middle ages of the hospitalized patients are bigger than 61 years, the kind with major frequency is the masculine one with 70%