MEJORAMIENTO DE LOS ESTILOS DE VIDA DE LOS PACIENTES HIPERTENSOS ATENDIDOS EN EL SUBCENTRO DE SALUD PICOAZÁ DURANTE EL MES DE DICIEMBRE 2007 – MAYO DE 2008

Abstract

The arterial Hypertension (HTA) constitutes one of the main problems of world-wide health and is one of the pandemic diseases of the 21st century. Epidemiological the arterial hypertension affects a trillion of people anywhere in the world and the prevalence in the region of the Americas varies between 4,1 and 37.9%. In a study realized in Ecuador (PREHTAE) it demonstrated that 3 of each 10 Ecuadorians are hypertensive and the provinces that maintain the rates highest of arterial hypertension are: Manabí, Esmeraldas, Los Ríos, and Napo. The changes in the life style constitute a fundamental pillar of the treatment of the hypertensive patient and must be indicated and their fulfillment efficiently controlled in all the patients with this disease. In the 2004 57 World-wide Assembly of the Health authenticated the world-wide strategy of the World-wide Organization of the Health (WHO), on nourishing regime, physical activity, and health, after considering the load increasing of the nontransmissible chronic diseases (NTCD) and irrefutable scientific tests of the effectiveness of the preventive interventions that can come up until 80% of the cardiovascular diseases. To the present we applied it work in the Picoazá parish since it occupies the second place of morbidity by HTA because one does not execute programs of prevention to non-transmissible chronic diseases. A sample of 40 patients with arterial pressures was obtained majors of 130/90mmHg and with an index of corporal mass superior to 25, taken care of in the downtown of the Picoazá parish, using like methodology the diagnosis of action, fast participating and research. To these patients an educative program on like improving the life styles was distributed to them, organizing the creation of a club of hypertensive motivating them to realize physical activities as much recreational and automatic control of its disease. In addition stimulating them to obtain its medicines by self-management for the best control of its disease. Due to the executed thing good results were obtained since the patients with arterial Hypertension degree II diminished in a 32,5% its levels of pressure in a lapse of 6 months as a result of a low diet in rich salt and in potassium, aerobic physical activity during 30 minutes daily and suitable medication