FACTORES RELACIONADOS CON LAS ENFERMEDADES GASTROINTESTINALES DE ORIGEN HÍDRICO EN PACIENTES QUE ACUDEN A LAS UNIDADES OPERATIVAS DEL M.S.P. EN LAS CABECERAS CANTONALES DE SANTA ANA, OLMEDO Y 24 DE MAYO, DE NOVIEMBRE 2006 A ABRIL 2007

Abstract

Keeping in mind the importance of such a vital liquid as the water, for the man's life, as well as for the nature that surrounds us, knowing the very diverse uses and their multiple sources of contamination that mean problems of health; it felt pertinent to carry out a study about the factors related with the gastrointestinal illnesses of hydric origin. The objectives of this investigation were to establish the magnitude, the graveness and characteristic of the hydric illnesses, to identify the environmental factors related with these illnesses, to determine the cultural factors partner related with the hydric illnesses; to establish the medical care process in these pathologies, to spread a program of qualification for the safe water consumption in the population and make a rise of mapeo the clinical card and of risk. It was a type of Traverse Descriptive study that was carried out in the canton Santa Ana located to 1 º, 12’ of south latitude and 80 º, 22’ of western longitude whose population is mostly rural; in the canton Olmedo that is to 1 º, 23’ and 41” of south latitude and 80 º, 12’ and 36” of longitude west with a population in their rural majority and in the canton 24 de Mayo located to 1 º 16’ and 31” of south latitude and 80 º 25’ and 6” of longitude west whose population is mostly rural. The population universe conformed it the patients assisted with gastrointestinal illnesses in the Operative Units of the M.S.P Infantile Maternal Center Santa Ana, Center of Health Olmedo and Center of Health Sucre that belong to the Area of Health Nº 10. The data were obtained of the Clinical Histories, of the registration of A.I.E.P.I it stops smaller than 5 years, of the EPI 1 local and EPI 2. To 30 % of these patients they were applied a survey related with the access to basic services and hygiene of consumption of foods. They took in total 9 samples of water in different points of the cantonal heads in study that you/they were subjected to bacteriological analysis for the INH of Portoviejo. The Parasitism was the most predominant pathology inside the illnesses in study, most of investigated people have partial access to drinkable water, to the service of gathering of garbage and system of sanitary sewer system for the limitations of these basic benefits at cantonal levels. The factor partner - cultural it influences it is the good habits of hygiene and in the not very frequent consumption of foods in the street. The diagnosis of this pathology was generally clinical and the combined treatment of bencimidazoles and mitronidazoles. The study of the water indicated that the value of residual chlorine in 8 of the 9 samples was in inferior levels to the permissible minimum and in 3 of them presence of coliformes contamination existed.