FACTORES DE RIESGOS EN PACIENTES DIABÉTICOS E HIPERTENSOS DEL CANTÓN SANTA ANA

Abstract

Diabetes Mellitus and Arterial Hypertension correspond to the group of Chronic Noncommunicable Diseases that have occurred most frequently worldwide and it has been reported that there is a high percentage of patients who have unhealthy lifestyles; as well as therapeutic non-compliance has become a major problem, triggering progressive complications in patients. The objective of this research was to evaluate the risk factors in diabetic and hypertensive diabetic patients from the Santa Ana canton. The methodological design was descriptive and observational, cross-sectional and prospective. The population was made up of 60 users over 18 years of age who attended the Santa Ana health center, with a sample size of 44 patients: 34 diabetics and 10 hypertensive diabetics, to whom two questionnaires were applied, one on sociodemographic characteristics and the IMEVID that allowed to evaluate the risk factors that influence lifestyle. For the processing and analysis of the information, a record sheet was prepared in Excel with the information obtained from the questionnaires applied, the results were expressed in relative frequency and percentages. The following results were obtained; regarding the sociodemographic characteristics, it was evidenced that in both groups married marital status and primary schooling predominated, while in relation to occupation, diabetic patients reported dedicating themselves to household chores and hypertensive diabetic patients are active in the workplace. In relation to the risk factors, the dimensions corresponding to nutrition, physical activity, smoking, alcoholism, information about the disease and therapeutic adherence were evaluated; from which similar results were obtained in both groups studied. It was possible to determine that the risk factors presented most frequently in these patients are those related to eating habits, sedentary lifestyle and therapeutic non-compliance