FACTORES DE RIESGO QUE INCIDEN EN LA PRESENTACIÓN DE BRONCONEUMONIAS EN NIÑOS MENORES DE 5 AÑOS INGRESADOS EN EL ÁREA DE PEDIATRÍA DEL HOSPITAL VERDI CEVALLOS BALDA DE PORTOVIEJO EN EL PERIODO DE ENERO 2010 A DICIEMBRE 2011

Abstract

A study was conducted to identify risk factors for pneumonia in children under the age of five years admitted to the Provincial Hospital Verdi Cevallos Balda in Portoviejo city in the period from January 2010 to December 2010, with the purpose of obtaining actual, reliable and current data, that will serve to implement programs in primary health care, because every time enter more children with this disease. It was investigated medical histories and surveyed with closed questions to family members of patients admitted to the pediatric service. The results obtained were qualitative and quantitative, taking a universe of 142 patients who represented 100 %, showing that 56.3 % (80 patients) belong to the male; 44.3 % (63 hospitalized) belong to the rural sector, important factor because of lack of basic services; 22.5 % (32 patients) showed mild malnutrition, because in malnourished children the immune response is poor; 65.4 % (93 children) left the mother's womb before six months, by promoting nutritional problems; the 49.2 % (70 children) have less than 1 year of age; 47.88 % of the relatives caring for children (68 people, mainly the mother) has a secondary school and a 30.98 % (44) primary education; 48% (63 patients) live in overcrowded, where permanent contact contributes to the transmission of infectious diseases. In conclusion, the major risk factors obtained are the socio-economic conditions, environmental of the family group and it is therefore recommended that during the training of the doctor be implemented programs in primary health care to reduce them.