UTILIDAD CLÍNICA DEL VOLUMEN PLAQUETARIO MEDIO EN LA EVALUACIÓN DE RIESGO DE PREECLAMPSIA, HOSPITAL REGIONAL DR. VERDI CEVALLOS BALDA

Abstract

Preeclampsia is a complication that affects between 6 and 8% of pregnant women, the greater presence of certain risk factors in society with less socioeconomic development makes it the first cause of maternal mortality in Ecuador. Alterations in the hemostatic system, endothelial damage, cell damage, platelet activation and a greater generation of intravascular thrombin, are the main physiopathological events that occur in preeclampsia. The elevated medium platelet volume (MPV) is a direct indicator of platelet synthesis and of a pregnancy that is not presenting normal. Changes in the VPM may be more sensitive than the variation in the number of platelets as a measure of altered platelet function. The aim of this study was to determine the clinical usefulness of FPV in pregnant women diagnosed with preeclampsia in the area of gynecology of the Regional Hospital Verdi Cevallos Balda from July to December 2017. A descriptive and analytical study of a group of 31 was carried out. pregnant women who received prenatal medical care with a diagnosis of mild to moderate preeclampsia and used the results of the complete blood count (performed with Mindray equipment) and LDH (performed with Selectra ProM equipment) with the authorization of the hospital authorities. 22% of the patients were minors, 90% had high blood pressure, and the mean week of gestational age was 37.5 weeks. 22% of the patients had anemia, a situation that predisposes to developing preeclampsia. The three patients with low platelets also had high VPM and two of them also elevated LDH, a marker that shows a strong correlation with alterations such as proteinuria, and the hematological alterations described in this condition. In this study, no proteinuria results were found in any of the patients, a test considered essential for the diagnosis of preeclampsia. The average of the VPM results was 9.4 fL, only two pregnant women had high VPM. It is concluded that the sample of this study does not correspond to the gestational age group (20-30 weeks) where the main variations of the MPV are experienced, which represent the risk of developing preeclampsia