RETARDO DEL CRECIMIENTO INTRAUTERINO EN EMBARAZADAS CON TRASTORNO HIPERTENSIVO HOSPITAL GENERAL IESS SANTO DOMINGO DE LOS TSÁCHILAS

Abstract

Intrauterine growth retardation is insufficient expression of the genetic potential of fetal growth. Objective: To determine the prevalence of intrauterine growth retardation in pregnant women with hypertensive disorder. Materials and methods: A descriptive, retrospective study was performed in pregnant women diagnosed with intrauterine growth retardation associated with hypertensive disorders between January 2017 and December 2019. An observation sheet was used to collect necessary information directly from clinical records of pregnant women who meet the Inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: 365 pregnant patients with hypertensive disorders were studied, of these, about 5% were associated with intrauterine growth retardation, that is, 18 cases; being severe pre-eclampsia (83.3%) the hypertensive disorder that was mostly associated; the most frequent type of intrauterine growth retardation according to the percentile was mild (P10- P6) and according to the gestational age it was early (<34 weeks); and the birth weight of the products of mothers with these two disorders: intrauterine growth retardation and hypertensive disorder, ranged from 1,500 to 2,500 grams, in addition to lethal complications of 22%. Conclusions: Pregnant women with hypertensive disorder and intrauterine growth retardation were mainly associated with severe preeclampsia, of an early and mild type, were the most frequent and with products of low birth weight. By improving prenatal controls, it contributes to the timely diagnosis of early intrauterine growth retardation, seeing this group of pregnant women with obstetric risk as a priority and superior perinatal results.