EFECTOS DE LAS POLÍTICAS ARANCELARIAS APLICADAS A LOS BIENES IMPORTADOS Y SU INCIDENCIA SOCIOECONÓMICA EN LAS EMPRESAS NACIONALES, PERÍODO 2000-2004

Abstract

The tariffs are considered as clever or catalogs of customs taxes generally applied by the Government on the imports and, sometimes, on the exports. At the beginning, these taxes only claim to increase the revenues of the State, but with the growth of the industry and the formation of national economies they began to be imposed, fundamentally, as instruments of the economic politics, the same ones that settle down to protect the national industry of the external competition and to achieve the surplus of the commercial scale of the countries. In occasions these practices took to that a Government applied high and discriminatory taxes to show his hostility toward another; however the governments related to each other give tariff agreements of commercial integration usually establish. In an area of free trade the signatory countries of the treat commit to annul the tariffs to each other in frontier; so the prices of all the products marketed among them will be the same ones for all the members of the area. So that a country member of a commercial integration of this type it cannot increase (by means of tariffs to the import) the price of the goods taken place in another. As example of this type of international commercial agreements they can make an appointment the European Free Trade Association (EFTA) and the Treaty of Free North American Trade (TLC). In the first part of this investigation it is explained and it determines the antecedents, the justification, the problem and the objectives of the investigated topic. In the second part of this investigation describes the effects of the tariff politicians applied to the imported goods and their socio-economic incidence in the national companies in the period 2000 2004; and that it was good as antecedent to apply in the practical part of the investigation. The concepts of the technical words used are also described in the same one. Also the applied methodological design is exposed; that it was based on observations, interviews, surveys and the whole concerning to the methods of the modern investigation. We also realized the prosecution of this information; that afterwards was represented in squares and statistical graphics to demonstrate the incidence of the tariff politicians in the different sectors immersed in these, such as the state officials, national managers and people of diverse social stratus. In the final part of the investigation work, the authors of the thesis present the conclusions and at the same time they contribute recommendations that will be good to have a clear vision of the tariff situation in our country