EVALUACIÓN DE UN SISTEMA SILVOPASTORIL ( SSP ) EN EL CANTÓN CHONE.

Abstract

The objective of this research was to evaluate the agronomic behavior, the nutritional content of Savoy Grass (Panicum maximum), Mombasa Grass (Megathyrsus maximum) and the botanical composition of the system during the rainy and dry seasons of the year. This research was carried out at the Hacienda San Pascasio, owner Econ. Jorge Flores de Valgas, located at the Baren site-kilometer 11.5 via Chone – Colorado – Balzar, Boyacá parish in the Chone canton, whose coordinates are S 0º36'24” W80º05 '37” with an altitude of 32 meters above sea level, at an average temperature of 29.1ºC, annual rainfall of 800 mm and a relative humidity of 78%, in an area of 78.39 Ha of which 68.62% is irregular terrain with slope of 50º and 31.38% belonging to flat land. For this study, agronomic, bromatological and botanical composition variables were considered, the applied methodology allowed the use of a completely random design, taking 5 samples at 5 different points in each of the 51 farm paddocks, during the two seasons of the year giving a total of 510 samples to determine the agronomic variables, later 15 samples taken in the summer time and 15 samples taken in the winter time were chosen randomly, giving a total of 30 samples to carry out the nutritional composition by means of bromatological analysis, Regarding the botanical composition, it was carried out using the method by counting individuals where 5 random samples were taken in the 51 paddocks throughout the year giving a total of 255 samples, prior to this they were identified and a count was made of each species that made up a sample including grass, each sample constituted an experimental unit. The results showed that the best performance during the year was obtained by Mombasa grass (Megathyrsus maximum) in terms of the agronomic variable Height of the Plant whose data is 149.72 cm, while during the dry season, Savoy grass (Panicum maximum) obtained the best result in the Stem Diameter variable with 1.07 cm, while for Plant Height it was Mombasa grass (Megathyrsus maximum) with a value of 151.27 cm, it can be seen that these grasses have moderately similar values. During the rainy season, as well as in the dry season, Mombasa grass (Megathyrsus maximum) stands out in Plant Height 148.16 cm, and in the Variable Number of plants with a value of 42.83, while the grass Savoy (Panicum maximum) presents lower values. In the bromatological results, the Savoy grass (Panicum maximum) reflects a better value during the year in terms of the Dry Matter variable 22.72, as well as in the FDN variable 69.54. During the year, the Mombasa Pasture (Megathyrsus maximum) stands out in the Dry Matter with a value of 20.59, as well as the Variable FDN 75.27. During the winter and summer season, both Pasture reflect similar values related to nutritional content. Regarding the Botanical composition associated with the area with Savoy Grass (Panicum maximum) this represented 55.70% while Mombasa Grass (Megathyrsus maximum) 46.15%.