Análisis a los indices de productividad y rentabilidad y su repercusión en el desarrollo empresarial de las microempresas en la ciudad de Portoviejo. Periodo 2003-2005

Abstract

With the development microempresarial a poor presence is noticed, but that it still reaches its efficiency by means of the economic and human capital, likewise you matter provisiona prevails local that makes that its transformation is seen as fortalecedora to the economy of the other industrial sectors. It is here where the importance of the microempresa is shown like decisive of the productive apparatus, in what you/they are developing a support work and support to the great industry. Nevertheless the activity microempresarial is not limited alone in a complement function, but it is also dedicated directly to its operations to the market consumer, offering products or services that have space in the general demand. The microempresas has had a process of continuous growth, their ups and downs and inacción parenthesis. The economic crisis of the country has increased the structural and functional problems of the county, mainly radicalizado is had the stagnation of some sectors of the canton like the agriculture and part of the fishing; it has also caused the economic deterioration of some productive activities as for example the handmade, commercial, etc. In spite of these difficulties the sector microempresarial in the canton Portoviejo is trying to stay and to justify the investments that they carry out with the purpose of to take advantage of its little structure and to stay inside the economic development of the canton.

The microempresa in the canton Portoviejo has a wide range of activities, this is given by the unoccupied population's high growth, as well as the reduction of personal in several public entities, they make that its economic resources invest them and that with little initiative they are devoted to carry out activities microempresariales, where they can maintain its family group that is also part of the formation of these microempresas, and this way this process that has been taken that is demonstrated that the community needs bigger work source. The indexes are instruments that allow to measure, to evaluate and to compare, quantitatively and oblicualitativamente the variables associated to the goals, in the time, their own behavior and their relative position regarding their similar of other realities. When referring of managerial development by means of the use of indexes, the explanation that can be given to this, is that of the correct application that is made of these instruments, he/she is defined the future of a microempresa, especially those that are devoted to the matter transformation prevail in a processed product, it is the necessity to propose its correct use for this reason.

The indexes, calls indicators can also be used to evaluate the microempresa like an everything and also regarding all the activities that are executed, for any function, area or item that it is wanted to measure inside this

The index of profitability, allows to measure the operative efficiency determining the yield of the assets inside the microempresa. It defines the yield, considering the patrimony with relationship to the variables: Surplus of the Exercise (State of Results) and Active Fixed Revalued (State of Financial Situation. These reasons allow to analyze and to evaluate the earnings of the company with regard to a given level of sales, of active or the investment of the owners, and it uses as main tools, the following indexes: GROSS MARGIN OF UTILITIES (MB), MARGIN OF OPERATIONAL UTILITIES (MO), NET MARGIN OF UTILITIES (MN), ROTATION OF THE TOTAL ASSET (RAT), YIELD OF THE INVESTMENT (I LAUGHED), YIELD OF THE COMMON CAPITAL (DC), UTILITIES FOR ACTION (UA), DIVIDENDS FOR ACTION (he/she GIVES) The index of productivity, is the relationship that exists among the borrowed production volume in one period and the inputs used in the production. The value of the used inputs can be measured in physical units or in money with relationship at the time